Pulmonary Flashcards
Anterior Lung fields
Apices to 6-7
the ribs
Lateral Lung fields
Axilla to 8-9
the ribs
Posterior Lung fields
Apices 10-12th ribs
Regular pattern of gradually increasing / decreasing tidal volume interspersed with
periods of apnea
Cheyne-Stokes:
Complete irregularity of breathing, with irregular pauses & increasing periods of apnea. SIMILAR SIZE BREATHS
Biots
Complete irregularity of breathing, with irregular pauses & increasing periods of apnea. VARIANCE IN DEPTH
ataxic
Increased Fremitus
Lung Consolidation
Decreased Fremitus
Excess air in lungs
or Collapsed Lung (Pneumothorax)
Fluid collecting in potential space between the lung and chest wall.
Pleural Effusion
When air filled parenchyma becomes engorged with fluid.
Consolidation
Finger that is struck
Pleximeter:
Stricking finger
Plexor
Heard at manubrium as Loud & high pitched.
Bronchial
Heard at mainstem bronchi anteriorly (1-3 rd ICS) & midscapular area posteriorly
Bronchovesicular
Heard around most of the lung fields as Low pitch
Vesicular
Predominant phase for bronchial sounds
Expiration
heard in areas with both alveolar tissue and large airways
Bronchovesicular
hear on either side of the sternum anteriorly and Between the scapulae posteriorly
Bronchovesicular
Smooth, swishing, soft sound heard more during inspiration
Vesicular sounds
Heard in the peripheral lung fields through
alveolar tissue
Vesicular sounds
- Fine, popping, crackling, discontinuous, non-musical
- mainly during inspiration
- Mostly in peripheral lung fields
Crackles (Rales)
caused by fluid-filled alveoli “popping” open during inspiration
Crackles (Rales)
Found in pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, interstitial fibrosis (a velcro-like sound) and any condition
involving alveolar tissue
Crackles (Rales)
High-pitched, squeaking, musical, continuous
noises heard mainly during expiration and caused by narrowing, constriction or spasm in the very small airways
Wheezes
Found in asthma, congestive heart failure, fibrosis, pneumonia and TB
wheezes
Snores, moans or groans caused by large airways becoming narrowed mostly during expiration
Rhonchi
found in constrictive conditions like bronchitis or bronchospasm
Rhonchi
- Tachypnea
- Dyspnea
- Diminished fremitus
- Possible hyperresonance
- Expiratory wheezes
asthma
- Tactile fremitus
undiminished - Resonance
- Rhonchi
emphysema
- Limited motion
- Labored breathing
- Increased fremitus
- Dullness
- Crackles
- Bronchial breath sounds
- Egophony, bronchophony, whispered pectoriloquy
Pneumonia
Consolidation
- Cyanosis
- Dyspnea
- Tracheal Deviation
- Diminished fremitus
- Hyperresonance
- Diminished breath
sounds
Pneumothorax
