Public health

Question 1

what is screening

Answer 1

identifying apparently healthy people who may be at increased risk of a disease or condition

Question 2

what criteria identify a good screening test

Answer 2

wilson and junger 
simple and safe
precise
effective treatment 
effective and cost effective

Question 3

what is sensitivity and calculation

Answer 3

how well test identifies disease

results where disease detected/number with disease x100

Question 4

what is specificity and calculation

Answer 4

how well test detects not having disease

number of normal results without disease/number without disease x100

Question 5

what is PPV and calculation

Answer 5

reliability of test result when disease present

number with disease and +ve test/number with +ve test result x100

Question 6

what is NPV and calculation

Answer 6

reliability of test to show when disease not present

number with -ve test result without disease/number with -ve result x100

Question 7

advantages of screening

Answer 7

reduced incidence and mortality

earlier, less radical, cost effective treatment

Question 8

disadvantages of screening

Answer 8

false reassurance
over investigation/treatment
anxiety
harm

Question 9

what two tests are there for bowel screening and how often are they done

Answer 9

FIT - 50-74 every 2 years

Scope test to 55 year olds

Question 10

describe the trend in alcohol harm over the last few decades

Answer 10

peaked in late 1990s and lowered in later 200s, higher than it used to be

Question 11

in what age group is the highest number of alcohol specific deaths and waht are the common causes

Answer 11

15-24
accident
suicide
alcohol poisoning

Question 12

true/false - there is a move from pub to home drnking

Answer 12

true

Question 13

actions taken to prevent alcohol abuse

Answer 13

tighter drink driving legislation
minimum unit pricing
age checks
ban on multi-price discounts