Public health 101 Flashcards
What is role of public health?
Improve health protection and promotion
Prevent ill health and prolong life through efforts society
Population lvl- Local, regional, national, international
Maximise health gain in population
State 3 domains public health? Examples?
1) Health protection
Infectious disease, chemical poison, radiation, emergency
2) Health improvement/promotion
Lifestyle, inequality, education, housing, employment
3) Improve services
Clinical effectiveness, efficiency, audit evaluation, equity
Define epidemiology?
Study distribution and determinant of health related states/events in specified population
Define incidence?
Define prevalence?
Incidence- How many NEW cases in a year
Prevalence- Proportion of population affected
Define incidence?
How many new cases in a year
Define prevalence and state 2 factors influence it?
Proportion of population affected
Affected- incidence
- rate cure/death
Define burden of disease?
How it affects your life
Define incidence rate?
Number people becoming cases / total person
State 3 social influences on health?
1) Life expectancy
Decrease as social class decrease
2) Income division
Wider gap- worse health
More unequal
3) Income threshold
Disease stop being due poverty- degenerative
Income no effect health nation
What is gini coefficient?
Statistical representation of a nation’s income distribution
The lower the coefficient, the greater the equality
What coefficient measures representation of nations income distribution?
Gini coefficient
What is social class a measure of?
Occupation
Hierachial rank
Social position
Access power/resources
What is inverse care law?
Availability of medical care varies inversely with need for it in population
What is law availability of medical care varies inversely with need for it in population
Inverse care law
Patient compliance
What is doctors view?
What is patients view?
Doctor’s view – disease is objective, malfunction and physiology interaction
Patient’s view – lifestyle changes, personal threat to health
Define disease and illness?
Disease– objective medical definition of a deviation in normal function
Illness– subjective perception of a deviation from normal experience
When was cholera discovered/who?
John snow
1854- Soho outbreak
Broad street pump
State notifiable diseases?
Cholera
Malaria
Rabies
Yellow fever
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
Meningitis
Explain dahlgren and Whitehead 1991 model for determining health inequalities?
Rainbow
1) Age, sex
2) Individual lifestyle factors
3) Social and community networks
4) Living and working conditions- education, work env, unemployment, health care services, housing
5) General socio-economic, culture and env conditions
