Health Flashcards
State definition health?
WHO 1948
State of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing
What are 2 different models of health?
Biomedical
Social
Explain biomedical model of health?
Physical and biological factors
Healthcare professionals
Focus diagnosis, cure and treatment
Mind and body treat sperately
Explain social model of health?
Wide range factors
Wide range ppl practise it
Focus prevention
Mind body treated together
Explain sick role and state 4 componenets?
Illness harmful social functioning- allow legitimate deviance social obligation
1) Patient exempt social norms
2) Patient not responsible for condition
3) Effort should made get well
4) Effort co-operate medical professionals
Sickness determined HC professional
Criticism sick role?
Fail account conflict
Chronic conditions- remain ill can’t better
Can’t account social change- patients want be more responsible health
State 3 theories of health? Issues?
1) Health as ideal state
WHO definition- problems must absent
Issues- is anyone ever healthy, not achievable, mislead
2) Health as state social functioning
Health is means toward social functioning
Disease has removed
Can still healthy (function socially) with chronic condition
Issues- narrow def seeing health as opp disease
- patient normal state may unhealthy
- refuse treatment might healthy
3) Health as personal strength/ability
Focus how ppl respond challenges
Holistic ideas
Issues- vague
Stae 6 sociological models of health?
1) Sociology
Study social relations and processes
2) Functionalism
Health determined capcity able to complete tasks required from society
Illness state social deviance
3) Marxist
Economy base society- income and wealth
4) Social paradox
Disease caused social factors but treated with biological interventions
5) Medical hypothesis
Professionalisms see problems in terms own profession
Doctor- medical
6) Iatrogenous
Unintended adverse effects therapeutic intervention
State sociological sociology model health?
Sociology
Study social relations and processes
State sociological functionalism model health?
2) Functionalism
Health determined capcity able to complete tasks required from society
Illness state social deviance
State sociological marxist model of health?
Marxist
Economy base society- income and wealth
State sociological social paradox model of health?
Social paradox
Disease caused social factors but treated with biological interventions
State sociological medical hypothesis model of health
Professionalisms see problems in terms own profession
Doctor- medical
State sociological iatrogenous model of health?
Unintended adverse effects therapeutic intervention
Define illness?
Social, lived experience of symptoms and suffering
Define disease?
Technical malfunction or deviation from the norm which is scientifically diagnosed
State 4 theories of illness/disease?
1) Culver and Gert
Judge by culture- deviate from statistical norm
Issue- mix disease and illness
2) William White
State organism- disruption homeostasis
3) Peery and Miller
Imbalance between individual and env- disturb structure/function
4) Biomedical model
More disease=Poorer health
Problems resolved remedies- health exists outside person
Issue- not all problems solved remedy
- solution with medical practitioner- not individual
Explain Culvert and Gerts theory of illness/disease?
Culver and Gert
Judge by culture- deviate from statistical norm
Issue- mix disease and illness
Explain William and White theory of illness/disease?
William White
State organism- disruption homeostasis
Explain Peery and Milly theory of illness/disease?
Peery and Miller
Imbalance between individual and env- disturb structure/function
Explain biomedical model?
Issues
Biomedical model
More disease=Poorer health
Problems resolved remedies- health exists outside person
Issue- not all problems solved remedy
- solution with medical practitioner- not individual
State 2 determinants of health?
Structural determinant
Lifestyle factors promote mortality
State 5 structural determinants of health?
1) Genetic
2) Constitutional- age/sex
3) Culture
4) Lifestyle
5) Living and working conditions
State 5 lifestyle factors promote mortality?
1) Smoking
2) Obesity
3) Sedentary lifestyle
4) Excess alcohol
5) Poor diet
What 2 things can health behaviours be?
Behaviours can be health promoting or damaging
Explain health belief model? State 4 components
What are 3 different health behaviours?
People’s beliefs influence their health-related actions or behaviors
Becker 1974
Individuals must believe:
1) Susceptibility- they are susceptible to the condition
2) Severity- it has serious consequences
3) Benefits- that taking action reduces their risks
4) Benefit- that the benefits of taking action outweigh the costs
Types
1) Health behaviour- aimed prevent disease
2) Illness behaviour- aimed seek remedy
3) Sick role behaviour- aimed get well
What is sick role behaviour?
Aimed getting well
