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Human Development > Puberty > Flashcards

Puberty Flashcards

1
Q

What are the important sex hormones in females?

A

Oestradiol
Progesterone
Adrenal androgen precursors

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2
Q

What are the important sex hormones in males?

A

Testosterone
DHT
Adrenal androgens
Oestradiol

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3
Q

What is gonadarche?

A

Activation of gonads by FSH and LH

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4
Q

What is thelarche?

A

Appearance of breast tissue

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5
Q

What causes pubarche?

A

Androgens

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6
Q

What is ‘mini-puberty’ of infancy?

A

Activation of HPG axis during neonatal period

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7
Q

What are the Tanner stages?

A

Standards for rating pubertal changes

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8
Q

How is precocious puberty defined?

A

Boys - before age 9

Girls - before age 8

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9
Q

What is the first sign of puberty for boys?

A

Testes enlargement

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10
Q

What is the first sign of puberty for girls?

A

Breast budding

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11
Q

Which sex is delayed puberty more common in?

A

Boys

vv for early in girls

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12
Q

What is true central precocious puberty? (TCPP)

A

Right order of pubertal events but happening early

Gonadotropin dependent

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13
Q

What is peripheral precocity?

A

Wrong order of puberty

Gonadotropin independent

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14
Q

What is McCune Albright syndrome?

A

Triad of symptoms:

  1. Peripheral precocious puberty
  2. Irregular cafe au lait spots
  3. Fibrous dysplasia of bone
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15
Q

How is early puberty treated?

A

if true puberty - blocked with DNRH agonists

if gonadotrophin independent, anti-androgens

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16
Q

What is another name for secondary gondal failure?

A

Hypog hypog

17
Q

What is primary gonadal failure?

A

Hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism (too much FSH and LH)

18
Q

What is constitutional delay of growth and puberty?

A

Aetiology is unknown

Growth slows down to below 3rd centile

19
Q

What is Bowlby’s theory of attachment?

A

That attachment is a biological system designed to help infant cope with threat

20
Q

What are the two types of non-secure attachment?

A

Avoidant

Resistant

21
Q

Which type of non-secure attachment leads to higher rates of psychological disorders later in life?

A

Resistant

22
Q

What is reactive attachment disorder?

A

Lack of attachment behaviours due to maltreatment

23
Q

What is disinhibited social engagement disorder?

A

Lack of inhibition

Less of a link to maltreatment (more neurodevelopmental)

24
Q

Why do tantrums (terrible 2s) occur in infants?

A

Cognitive leap and explosion of imagination

25
Q

Is risk taking behaviour in adolescents on the increase or decrease?

A

Decrease

Human Development (12 decks)

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