Growth/puberty Flashcards
Why is monitoring child growth important?
Important measure of health and wellbeing
What 4 factors affect growth?
Genes
Environment
Hormones
Nutrition
Which year of life is growth most rapid?
1st year of life
Is crossing centiles normal or abnormal in the first year of life?
Normal
What is head circumference in child development important?
Acceleration and slowing of head growth can be a sign of underlying disorders
Mainly driven by growth of brain
What are the 2 main determinants of fetal growth?
Fetal genotype
In utero environment
Which hormones have an effect on fetal growth?
IGF1
IGF2
insulin
Which hormone does NOT have an effect on fetal growth?
Growth hormone
Which genetic factors affect childhood growth?
Parental heights (mid parental height affects adult height of child) Y chromosome
Which hormones are involved in childhood growth?
Human growth hormone Insulin and IGFs Thyroid/parathyroid hormones Sex hormones Adrenal hormones
What age does height become measured instead of length?
2 years
Name two normal variations of childhood growth that could explain a child with a short stature?
- Familial short stature (short parents)
2. Constitutional growth delay
What are the end results of puberty?
Fertility
Final height
What is the average age of onset of puberty in girls?
Age 11
What is the average age of onset of puberty in boys?
Age 12
