PT Flashcards
What are the general therapeutic goals for ortho?
All of the above
All rehab patients present with the following 3 components:
Mechanical
Neuromuscular
Motor
2 main treatment interventions within PT include:
Manual therapy
Therapeutic exercise
This finding is typically present when diagnosing patella-femoral syndrome.
Ipsilateral hip abductor weakness
What does physical therapy assist with?
Restoration,
maintenance, promotion of optimal physical function
Places where Physical Therapists can Practice
Hospital Private practice Inpatient rehabilitation facility Outpatient clinic Sports-injury treatment center Skill nursing or extended care facility Schools Work, occupational, or industrial environment Fitness centers or training facility Academic/research center Hospice Home
Patient Management
Examination & evaluation
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Intervention
Therapeutic Goals for General Orthopedic Conditions
Educate
Pain control
Increase function
Improve coordination, gait, balance, proprioception, “core” activation
Appropriate bracing/orthoses
Prevent or minimize permanent physical disabilities
Restore, maintain, & promote overall health & fitness
Education for PT
PRICE: prevention, rest, ice, compression, elevate
Activity modifications
“Active rest”
How do PTs increase function?
Regaining ROM & strength
Manual Therapy
Tissue/restriction mobilization
Mobilization/manipulation
Manual lymphatic drainage
Therapeutic Exercise
Aerobic capacity or endurance conditioning
Balance, coordination & agility training
Body mechanics & postural stabilization
Flexibility exercises
Gait & locomotion training
Neuromuscular development & reeducation
Relaxation/breathing techniques
Strength, power, & endurance training
Functional Training
ADL training Barrier accommodations/modifications Device & equipment use/training Functional training programs Instrumental ADL training Injury prevention or reduction
Devices & Equipment
Adaptive Assistive Orthotic Prosthetic Protective Supportive
Physical Agents & Mechanical Modalities
Cryotherapy/hydrotherapy Electrotherapeutics (TENS) Sound agents (US) Thermotherapy Compression Traction devices Gravity-assisted pneumatic compression devices
3 Components of PT Treatment
Mechanical
Neuromuscular
Motor
Mechanical Components of PT Treatment
Evaluation of joint, soft tissues, muscular, visceral, & neurovascular components which limit motion or function
Neuromuscular Components of PT Treatment
Ability to efficiently initiate & demonstrate proper strength & endurance for any given contraction
Automatic Core Engagement tests
Manual facilitation techniques & directed exercise
Motor Control Components
Ability to utilize efficient mechanical & neuromuscular components to efficiently assume a balanced posture
Focus on kinesthetic & proprioceptive awareness & enhancement
Effectively-timed activation of the core & global muscles during activity
Commonly Treated Orthopedic Conditions in PT
Knee Rotator cuff disease Ankle sprains/fractures Low back pain Cervical myofascial disorders Lateral hip pain
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Cartilagenous degenerative changes
Ipsilateral hip abductor weakness
Crepitation
Prolonged walking or sitting, running, hill climbing, & stairs
Risk Factor for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Flat feet (pes planus)
Treatment of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Rest Strengthening of hip Orthotics Anti-inflammatories Taping
Rotator Cuff Syndrome
Impingement
Tendonitis
Tendonosis
Tear
Presentation of Rotator Cuff Syndrome
Pain with overhead activities, reaching behind the back, sleeping on affected side
Isolated cuff weakness
Treatment of Rotator Cuff Syndrome
Rest Activity modifications NSAIDs Cortisone Ice Exercise Surgery
Presentation of Ankle Sprain
History Warmth Redness Swelling Pain
Ottawa Ankle Rules
Need x-ray if tender malleolli + one of the following:
Tender tibia/fibula
Tender navicular
tender 5th metatarsal head
Treatment of Ankle Sprains
PRICE Bracing ROM Balance & proprioceptive reawareness Strength & stabilization
Reasons for Low Back Pain
Overuse/muscular strain
Ligamentous sprain
Disc injury
Degenerative breakdown
Presentation of Low Back Pain
Pain
Decreased movement
Radicular symptoms
Treatment of Low Back Pain
Rest Education Meds Ice E-stim Early exercise (stability muscles)
Possible Reasons for Cervalgia
Stress Poor posture Minor injuries Referred pain Overuse Disc protrusion Pinched nerve Degenerative
Treatment of Cervalgia
Cold/heat TENS Improved posture/body mechanics NSAIDs/steroids Joint mobility & exercise
Define Trochanteric Bursitis
Inflammation of the trochanteric bursa
Presentation of Trochanteric Bursitis
Localized pain & tenderness
Pain with walking & prolonged standing
Pain with stairs & hills
Pain with lying on affected side
What conditions can trochanteric bursitis coexist with?
Low back pain
OA
Obesity
Treatment of Trochanteric Bursitis
Activity modifications Heat Cortisone Ultrasound Stretching Strengthening Soft tissue mobilization
What does an ACL disruption prevent?
Anterior tibial translation in relation to the femur
What tears often accompany an ACL tear?
Meniscal
MCL
Cartilage
History of an ACL Disruption
Pop Immediate pain & swelling Perceived knee instability Aspirate bloody fluid \+ Lachman's
Management of ACL Disruption
PRICE
Orthopedic consult
MRI
How long is rehab for an ACL disruption?
6-9 months
