Overuse Injuries Flashcards
Culprits of Overuse Injuries
The athlete
Sports played
Body you live in
Prevention of Overuse Injuries
Stretch prior to activity Warm up prior to activity Good enough shape to participate Ease back into activity Don't play through the pain
Locations of Overuse Injuries
Shoulders
Elbows
Knees
Describe Overuse Shoulder Injuries
Fatigued tendons
Fatigued muscles
Describe Subacute Shoulder Injuries
Fatigued tendons & muscles that slowly begin to tear/wear out
Describe Acute Shoulder Injuries
Fell
Threw too hard
Swung to hard
Types of Shoulder Overuse Injuries
Tendonitis
Tendonopathy
Define Tendonitis
Irritation/inflammation of a tendon
Night time pain
Pain down side of shoulder with overhead activity
Define Tendonopathy
“Sick” tendon
Pain evident for a longer period of time
Treatment of Shoulder Injuries
Make sure that's "all" it is NSAIDs Ice PT Steroid injection
Diagnostics for a Subacute Shoulder Injury
X-rays
MRI
Treatment for Subacute Shoulder Injuries
NSAIDs
Ice
PT
+/- corticosteroid injection
Diagnostics for Acute Shoulder Injuries
X-ray
MRI
Indications for Performing an MRI in Shoulder Injuries
Drop arm sign
External rotation lag sign
Dislocation
Shoulder Injuries that are Concerning
Pain doesn’t improve with conservative treatment
+ x-ray: fracture/arthritis
+ MRI: rotator cuff, labral tear, biceps tendon tear
Recovery for Rotator Cuff Repair
Healing phase: 6 weeks
Rehab: 6 weeks
Strengthening: 6 weeks
3-4 months: start resuming previous activities
3 Compartments of the Knee
Patellofemoral
Medial
Lateral
2 Types of Cartilage in the Knee
Articular cartilage
Meniscal cartilage
Define Articular Cartilage
Thin lining of resilient connective tissue that serves as padding & an ultra low friction surface
Define Meniscal Cartilage
Serve to deepen the contact of the femur on the tibia, provide stability, distribute force
4 Main Ligaments in the Knee
ACL
PCL
LCL
MCL
Problems with the Knee
Tendonitis Meniscal tears Ligament injuries Cartilage injuries Arthritis
Define Tendon
Attaches muscle to bone
Define Tendonitis
Irritation/inflammation of a tendon
Treatment of Tendonitis
Rest
Ice
NSAIDs
Focused PT
Define Meniscal Tears
Disruption of the continuity of the meniscus of the knee
Mechanism of Injury for Meniscal Tears
Twisting
Turning
Deep knee bends
Pivoting
Symptoms of Meniscal Tear
Intermittent focal pain Swelling Nighttime pain Pain with activity Catching/locking
Treatment for Meniscal Tears
PT
Injections
Arthroscopic surgery
ACL Tear
Fix: active, physical individual
No age restriction
When is an ACL tear fix contraindicated?
Significant arthritis
When to Fix a PCL Tear
Symptomatic
When is a PCL tear repair contraindicated?
Significant arthritis
Treatment of MCL Injury
Brace: 6 weeks
Weight bearing as tolerated
Treatment of LCL Injury
Brace
Fix: part of complex lateral injuries
Define Cartilage Injuries
Damage to the articular cartilage of the knee
Treatment of Cartilage Injury
“Smooth down” cartilage
Microfracture
Cartilage transplant
Indications for Cartilage Transplant
Smaller, focal cartilage defects
Attempt prevention of progression to osteoarthritis
What is viscosupplementation?
Solution of hyaluronan
Hyaluronan is the lubricant & shock absorber in joints
Factors Determining how Long Viscosupplementation will Last
Age
Weight
Stage of disease
Maximum Benefit Time for Viscosupplementation
12 weeks
Contraindications of Viscosupplementation
None
Elbow Overuse Injuries
Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow) Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
Treatment of Elbow Overuse Injuries
NSAIDs
RICE
Treatment for Recalcitrant Cases of Elbow Overuse Injuries
Corticosteroid injection
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection
Describe Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)
High concentration of functionally viable platelets & their associated growth factors
How is platelet rich plasma (PRP) placed into the body?
Arthroscopically or open
Function of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)
Placed directly into the tear site to stimulate a reparative healing response for soft tissue & bone repair
Applications for PRP Injections
Direct liquid from injections of concentrated platelets for the various tendonitis problems
Clot from applications with extended growth factor release (cuff repairs)
