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Ortho > Overuse Injuries > Flashcards

Overuse Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Culprits of Overuse Injuries

A

The athlete
Sports played
Body you live in

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2
Q

Prevention of Overuse Injuries

A 
Stretch prior to activity
Warm up prior to activity
Good enough shape to participate
Ease back into activity
Don't play through the pain
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3
Q

Locations of Overuse Injuries

A

Shoulders
Elbows
Knees

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4
Q

Describe Overuse Shoulder Injuries

A

Fatigued tendons

Fatigued muscles

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5
Q

Describe Subacute Shoulder Injuries

A

Fatigued tendons & muscles that slowly begin to tear/wear out

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6
Q

Describe Acute Shoulder Injuries

A

Fell
Threw too hard
Swung to hard

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7
Q

Types of Shoulder Overuse Injuries

A

Tendonitis

Tendonopathy

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8
Q

Define Tendonitis

A

Irritation/inflammation of a tendon
Night time pain
Pain down side of shoulder with overhead activity

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9
Q

Define Tendonopathy

A

“Sick” tendon

Pain evident for a longer period of time

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10
Q

Treatment of Shoulder Injuries

A 
Make sure that's "all" it is
NSAIDs
Ice
PT
Steroid injection
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11
Q

Diagnostics for a Subacute Shoulder Injury

A

X-rays

MRI

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12
Q

Treatment for Subacute Shoulder Injuries

A

NSAIDs
Ice
PT
+/- corticosteroid injection

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13
Q

Diagnostics for Acute Shoulder Injuries

A

X-ray

MRI

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14
Q

Indications for Performing an MRI in Shoulder Injuries

A

Drop arm sign
External rotation lag sign
Dislocation

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15
Q

Shoulder Injuries that are Concerning

A

Pain doesn’t improve with conservative treatment
+ x-ray: fracture/arthritis
+ MRI: rotator cuff, labral tear, biceps tendon tear

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16
Q

Recovery for Rotator Cuff Repair

A

Healing phase: 6 weeks
Rehab: 6 weeks
Strengthening: 6 weeks
3-4 months: start resuming previous activities

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17
Q

3 Compartments of the Knee

A

Patellofemoral
Medial
Lateral

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18
Q

2 Types of Cartilage in the Knee

A

Articular cartilage

Meniscal cartilage

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19
Q

Define Articular Cartilage

A

Thin lining of resilient connective tissue that serves as padding & an ultra low friction surface

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20
Q

Define Meniscal Cartilage

A

Serve to deepen the contact of the femur on the tibia, provide stability, distribute force

21
Q

4 Main Ligaments in the Knee

A

ACL
PCL
LCL
MCL

22
Q

Problems with the Knee

A 
Tendonitis
Meniscal tears
Ligament injuries
Cartilage injuries
Arthritis
23
Q

Define Tendon

A

Attaches muscle to bone

24
Q

Define Tendonitis

A

Irritation/inflammation of a tendon

25
Q

Treatment of Tendonitis

A

Rest
Ice
NSAIDs
Focused PT

26
Q

Define Meniscal Tears

A

Disruption of the continuity of the meniscus of the knee

27
Q

Mechanism of Injury for Meniscal Tears

A

Twisting
Turning
Deep knee bends
Pivoting

28
Q

Symptoms of Meniscal Tear

A 
Intermittent focal pain
Swelling
Nighttime pain
Pain with activity
Catching/locking
29
Q

Treatment for Meniscal Tears

A

PT
Injections
Arthroscopic surgery

30
Q

ACL Tear

A

Fix: active, physical individual

No age restriction

31
Q

When is an ACL tear fix contraindicated?

A

Significant arthritis

32
Q

When to Fix a PCL Tear

A

Symptomatic

33
Q

When is a PCL tear repair contraindicated?

A

Significant arthritis

34
Q

Treatment of MCL Injury

A

Brace: 6 weeks

Weight bearing as tolerated

35
Q

Treatment of LCL Injury

A

Brace

Fix: part of complex lateral injuries

36
Q

Define Cartilage Injuries

A

Damage to the articular cartilage of the knee

37
Q

Treatment of Cartilage Injury

A

“Smooth down” cartilage
Microfracture
Cartilage transplant

38
Q

Indications for Cartilage Transplant

A

Smaller, focal cartilage defects

Attempt prevention of progression to osteoarthritis

39
Q

What is viscosupplementation?

A

Solution of hyaluronan

Hyaluronan is the lubricant & shock absorber in joints

40
Q

Factors Determining how Long Viscosupplementation will Last

A

Age
Weight
Stage of disease

41
Q

Maximum Benefit Time for Viscosupplementation

A

12 weeks

42
Q

Contraindications of Viscosupplementation

A

None

43
Q

Elbow Overuse Injuries

A 
Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)
Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
44
Q

Treatment of Elbow Overuse Injuries

A

NSAIDs

RICE

45
Q

Treatment for Recalcitrant Cases of Elbow Overuse Injuries

A

Corticosteroid injection

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection

46
Q

Describe Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)

A

High concentration of functionally viable platelets & their associated growth factors

47
Q

How is platelet rich plasma (PRP) placed into the body?

A

Arthroscopically or open

48
Q

Function of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)

A

Placed directly into the tear site to stimulate a reparative healing response for soft tissue & bone repair

49
Q

Applications for PRP Injections

A

Direct liquid from injections of concentrated platelets for the various tendonitis problems
Clot from applications with extended growth factor release (cuff repairs)

Ortho (22 decks)

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