psyhcosis Flashcards
what is psychosis?
a different from normal experience
inability to distinguish between subjective experience and reality
symptoms of psychosis
hallucinations delusions pasivity formal thought disorder emotional disturbance physical symptoms
differential for psychosis
schizophrenia psychoactive substance abuse mania/ bipolar depression delerium dementia persistent delusional disorder post partum psychosis schizoaffective disorder
what drugs and induce psychosis
steroids cannabis cocaine LSD amphetamines
when is emergency detention used?
used when necessary as matter of urgency by a medical practitioner
last for 72 hours
how do you treat resisting psychosis?
clozapine
what does the brain look like in psychosis? what changes are there?
reduced frontal lobe volume
reduced frontal lobe grey matter
enlarged lateral ventricles
these are seen in those with poor prognosis
dopamine agonists or antagonists used to treat schizophrenia
antagonists
name the 2 dopamine pathways in the brain
nigrostriatal
mesolimbic/cortical
tuberinfundibular
where do you find D1 and D2 recptors
in limbic and striatal areas
subcortical dopamine hyperactivity=?
psychosis
name some typical antipsychotics? (old one)
haloperidol chlorpromazine pimozide trifluoperazine sulpiride
name some common side effects of the typical antipsychotics
parkinsonism sluggish thinking sex problems akathisia (restlessness) breast swelling/ tenderness/ signs of high prolactin affect BP- make you dizzy
NAME SOME atypical anti-psychotics ( new ones)
clozapine
amisulpride
risperidone
quentiapine
problem with clozapine
despite being the BEST
it affects bone marrow and reduced WCC so more chance of infection
this used be used 3rd line as it requires lots of blood tests and monitoring
