Anxiety Flashcards
what is OCD?
a common chronic and disabling condition marked by obsessions and/ or compulsions that are inconsistent with personality/values and moral perspective
name some common obsessions in OCD
contamination from dirt and germ etc so has to wash all the time
fear of harm
religious thoughts
sexual thoughts
urge to have worthless things
aggression
concern with order and symmetry
what are compulsions in OCD?
repetitively, seemingly purposeful behaviours that they feel they need to peform
physical and mental rituals
recognised as irrational
carrying them out seems to reduce anxiety
name some common compulsions in OCD?
checking things. e.g gas taps cleaning and washing repeating acts hoarding/ collecting counting
when is peak onset for OCD?
peak males 13-15
peak females 24-25
but onset cant be at any age
comorbidities of OCD
personality disorders autism schizophrenia bipolar hypochondriasis
there is a poor prognosis in OCD if…
male
early onset
tics
multiple symptoms
5 screening questions to ask if OCD is suspected?
do you wash or clean a lot?
do you check things a lot?
any thought that keeps bothering you that youd like to get rid of?
do daily activities take a long time to finish?
you concerned about orderliness and symmetry?
what things contribute to post traumatic stress disorder?
when trauma is overwhelming
when there is threat to your body or safety?
when witnessing death or injury to a loved one
when feeling intense fear, helplessness and horror
what does this?
locates memories in the correct time and context?
hippocampus
what does this?
stores emotionally charged memeories
connect to medial pre frontal cortex which regulates emotional and fear response
amygdala
name some features of PTSD/
flashbacks
nightmares
avoidance
increased arousal- always on guard, irrittable
emotional numbing - feels detached , unable to love, loss of interest in hobbies, cant look forward to future
dissociation
re- enactment- might re create the trauma by putting themselves in dangerous situations
name some treatments for PTSD/
remove/ manage threat
watchful waiting
CBT
EMDR
paroxetine (SSRI) - drugs to be given when symptoms persist
name some physical symptoms of anxiety?
sweating, hot flushes , cold chills trembling or shaking muscle tension, aches or pains numbness or tingling sensations feeling dizzy dry mouth sense of choking feeling of lump in throat SOB palpitations chest pain nausea
cognitive symptoms of anxiety?
fear of losing control on edge cant concentrate feeling that objects are unreal hypervigliant racing thoughts meta worry
what does cortisol do?
mediates stress response
what is generalised anxiety disorder?
when anxiety is generalised and persistent
long acting
cant control it
chronic fluctuating course
what is panic disorder
recurrent attacks of severe anxiety which are unpredictable
what are the 3 types of phobies?
agoraphobia
specific phobia
social phobia
what is agoraphobia
well defined cluster of phobias embrascing fears of leaving home, entering shops, crowds, and public places or travelling alon
what is a specific phobia
specific object or situation e.g spiderss
what is social phobia
unfamiliar peoplle
scared of getting judged
fear that you will act embarrassingly or sillu
blushing
shaking
scared of peeing or pooping
what is first line for OCD?
ERP
possible treatments for PTSD
SSRIs
CBT
EMDR!!
maybe anti convulsants
maybe benzodiazapines
how to treat generalised anxiety disorder
SSRI first line
then maybe SNRI -venlafaxine
pregabalin
CBT
relaxation
guided self help
how to treat a specific phobia
graded exposure
how to treat a social phobia
SSRI
SNRI
some benzodiazapines
anticonvulsants
CBT
how to treat panic disorder
SSRI is first line
maybe TCA
SNRI
some anticonvulsants
CBT
graded exposure
