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Pharmacy > Psychotherapeutics > Flashcards

Psychotherapeutics Flashcards

1
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are a class of drugs that cause a dose-dependent depression of the Central Nervous System function, inducing sedation, 
sleep, and unconsciousness with increasing dose.
A

Sedative-hypnotics

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2
Q

_______ depress the sensory cortex, decrease motor activity, alter cerebellar function, and produce drowsiness, sedation, and hypnosis.

A

Barbiturates

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3
Q

Sedatives and Hypnotics

Using to treat insomnia is NOT recommended for long-term use due to….

A

risk of dependence

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4
Q 
Adverse Effects of what class?
(a) Dependence with long term use 
(b) CNS: Somnolence 
(c) Respiratory: Hypoventilation 
(d) GI: Nausea 
(e) CV: Bradycardia 
(f) Other: Agitation, confusion, nightmares, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, and 
hypotension
A

Sedatives and Hypnotics

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5
Q

What Class are these drugs in?

  • barbiturates
  • benzodiazepine
  • melatonin agonists.
A

Sedatives and Hypnotics

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6
Q

What would you want to educate your patient about when giving Sedatives and Hypnotics?

A

Abuse potential

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7
Q

Antianxiety drugs can be subdivided into
_________
_________

A

Benzodiazepines

Non- Benzodiazepines

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8
Q

Which one is for short term use only?
Benzodiazepines
Non- Benzodiazepines

A

Benzodiazepines

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9
Q

________ may produce tolerance with long-term use and have potential for psychological or physical dependence. These agents have NO analgesic properties.

  1. Benzo diazepines
  2. Non-Benzodiazepines
A

Benzo diazepines

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10
Q

Benzodiazepines: Bind to specific benzodiazepine receptors in the GABA receptor complex, which enhances ___________

A

the binding of this inhibitory

neurotransmitter

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11
Q

_____ acts on brain’s dopamine and serotonin receptors

  1. Benzo
  2. Non-benzo
A

Non-Benzo

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12
Q

Long term use of benzodiazepines: Withdrawal syndrome after as little as ______ weeks of therapy. Never discontinue abruptly decrease over _____ weeks

A

4-6 weeks

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13
Q

Fatigue, metallic taste, HA, numbness in extremities, sweating, and dry mouth are symptoms of withdrawal from _____

  1. Benzos
  2. Non- Benzos
  3. Sedative Hypnotics
A

Benzos

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14
Q

Contraindication/Warning/Caution for what Drug class?

(a) Should not be used in comatose patients or in those with pre- existing CNS depression. Should not be used in patients with uncontrolled severe pain. Avoid use during pregnancy or lactation.
(b) Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
(c) Pregnancy class: D; Not recommended for use during pregnancy.
(d) Caution with impaired liver or kidney function.
(e) BuSpar and Zolpidem are Pregnancy Class: B
(f) Not to be taken with Alcohol, tricyclic antidepressants, and other antipsychotics.

A

Antianxiety Drugs

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15
Q

Benzo or Non-Benzo

1) Alprazolam: Xanax
2) Diazepam: Valium
3) Lorazepam: Ativan

A

Benzodiazepines

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16
Q

Benzo or Non-Benzo

1) Buspirone hydrochloride: Bu Spar
2) Hydroxyzine: Atarax
3) Sertraline (SSRI): May be used long term.

A

Non-benzos

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17
Q

Patient Management for what class of drug?

(a) Use caution in older patient due to slow excretion.
(b) Benzodiazepines are used primarily in acute situations.
(c) Patient should lie down at least 30 minutes after taking benzodiazepines.
(d) May be taken with or without food or meals.

A

Antianxiety Drugs

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18
Q

Use of this class of drug
-Sedation
-Seizures: Management of generalized tonic-clonic, status epilepticus and partial
Seizures.

Not recommended to treat insomnia

A

Sedative and Hypnotics

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19
Q

What Class of drug
Used in the management of various forms of anxiety,
including generalized anxiety disorder.

A

Antianxiety agents

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20
Q

These fall under what class?

(a) Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
(b) Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)
(c) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
(d) Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
(e) Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor/Antagonist

A

Antidepressants

21
Q

______ increase levels of norepinephrine and serotonin by inhibiting their reuptake and blocking the action of acetylcholine.

  1. SNRI
  2. SSRI
  3. MAOI
  4. TCA
A

TCA

22
Q

_____ inhibits the activity of Monoamine oxidase resulting in increased endogenous neuro-hormones.

  1. SNRI
  2. SSRI
  3. MAOI
  4. TCA
A

MAOI

23
Q

_______ increase serotonin by inhibiting neuronal uptake to CNS.

  1. SNRI
  2. SSRI
  3. MAOI
  4. TCA
A

SSRI

24
Q 
What Class of drug for these uses?
Depressive symptoms, Anxiety (class dependent), Obsessive Compulsion Disorder, Smoking cessation:
A

Anti Depressants

25
Q

Adverse effects of what subclass?
blurred vision, Dry mouth, postural hypotension, urinary retention, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension

  1. SNRI
  2. SSRI
  3. MAOI
  4. TCA
A

TCA

Memory Aid: “Blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, red as a beet, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, the bowel and bladder lose their tone and the heart runs alone”.

26
Q

Adverse effects of what subclass?
Food interactions, medication interactions, vertigo, nausea, constipation, dry mouth, headache, and over-activity.

  1. SNRI
  2. SSRI
  3. MAOI
  4. TCA
A

MAOI:

27
Q

Adverse effects of what subclass?
Nausea, vomiting (transient), sexual dysfunction, insomnia, and weight gain.

  1. SNRI
  2. SSRI
  3. MAOI
  4. TCA
A

SSRI

28
Q

Contraindication to what?
Hypersensitivity to TCAs or any component of the formulation; coadministration with or within 14 days of MAOIs; acute recovery phase following myocardial infarction.

  1. TCA
  2. MAOI
  3. Wellbutrin
  4. SSRI
A

TCA

29
Q

Contraindication to what?
Current use of SSRI/SNRI/DNRI/Meperidine (can cause Serotonin Syndrome), diet high in red wine or smoked meats/cheeses,CVA disease, hypertension, CHF, and elderly. MANY MEDICATION INTERACTIONS

  1. TCA
  2. MAOI
  3. Wellbutrin
  4. SSRI
A

MAOI

30
Q

Contraindication to what?
Contraindicated in patients with a seizure
disorder or a predisposition to seizures, as it reduces the seizure threshold.

  1. TCA
  2. MAOI
  3. Wellbutrin
  4. SSR
A

Wellbutrin

31
Q

SSRI: ______ is less effective in patients who smoke

A

Fluoxetine

32
Q

_______ used with MAOI may result in a fatal reaction (serotonin syndrome)

A

Sertraline

33
Q

What is the first line medication for depression

A

SSRI

34
Q

What Sub class of anti depressants?

1) Citalopram: Celexa
2) Fluoxetine: Prozac
3) Sertraline: Zoloft
4) Paroxetine: Paxil

A

SSRI

35
Q

What Class
Block dopamine receptors in the brain; also alter dopamine release and turnover. Peripheral effects include anticholinergic properties and alpha-adrenergic blockade.

A

Antipsychotics

36
Q

Should you use Antipsychotics for a patient that is severely depressed or hypotensive?

A

Contraindicated

37
Q

What Adverse effect? Multiple choice
Mainly seen in Haloperidol (Haldol), hyperthermia, rare but may progress rapidly over 24-72 hours. Immediately stop medication, requires intensive symptomatic treatment.

  1. Tardive dyskinesia
  2. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  3. Extrapyramidal
  4. Anticholinergic
A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

38
Q

What Adverse effect? Multiple choice
Dry mouth, hypotension, sedation, photophobia,
photosensitivity, and headache.

  1. Tardive dyskinesia
  2. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  3. Extrapyramidal
  4. Anticholinergic
A

Anticholinergic

39
Q

What Adverse effect? Multiple choice
Irreversible, involuntary dyskinetic movements, rhythmic, movements of the tongue face mouth or jaw. Tongue may protrude.

  1. Tardive dyskinesia
  2. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  3. Extrapyramidal
  4. Anticholinergic
A

Tardive dyskinesia

40
Q

Adverse Effects what class?
Parkinson like symptoms, Akathisia (extreme restlessness), and Dystonia (Facial grimacing and twisting of the neck)

  1. Tardive dyskinesia
  2. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  3. Extrapyramidal
  4. Anticholinergic
A

Extrapyramidal

41
Q

1st Generation or 2nd Generation

(a) Haloperidol: Haldol
(b) Prochlorperazine: Compazine

A

1st Generation

42
Q

1st Generation or 2nd Generation

(c) Quetiapine: Seroquel
(d) Olanzapine: Zyprexa

A

2nd Generation

43
Q 
This use is for what subclass of drugs?
The treatment of narcolepsy and as adjunctive treatment in the management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
A

Amphetamines and Anorexiants

44
Q

What produces CNS stimulation by increasing levels of neurotransmitters in the CNS.

A

CNS Stimulants

Amphetamines and Anorexiants

45
Q

Amphetamines and Anorexiants:

You would tell the patient to Take the drug in the morning _______ before breakfast and before lunch?

A

30-45 minutes

46
Q

When taking Amphetamines the patient should decrease intake of _____

A

coffee or caffeine.

47
Q

Phentermine: Ionamin

is an example of what type of CNS stimulant

A

Anorexiant

48
Q

What type of drugs?

1) Methylphenidate HCL: Concerta
2) Dextroamphetamine: Adderall

A

Amphetamines

49
Q

CNS Stimulants

Insomnia and anorexia usually disappear _________

A

during continued therapy

Pharmacy (30 decks)

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