Antihyperlipidemics Flashcards
These are subclasses of what?? Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Loop Diuretics Osmotic Diuretics Potassium Sparing: Thiazide
Diuretics
What Diuretic subclass action? Inhibit the action of carbonic anhydrase which leads to the excretion of sodium, potassium, bicarbonate and water.
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
- Loop Diuretics
- Osmotic Diuretics
- Potassium Sparing:
- Thiazide
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
What Diuretic subclass action? Increase the density of the filtrate in the glomerulus; prevents reabsorption of water; salt and chloride follow water.
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
- Loop Diuretics
- Osmotic Diuretics
- Potassium Sparing:
- Thiazide
Osmotic Diuretics
What Diuretic subclass action? Inhibit reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the kidney.
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
- Loop Diuretics
- Osmotic Diuretics
- Potassium Sparing:
- Thiazide
Thiazide
What Diuretic subclass action? Decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the kidney and increases potassium retention.
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
- Loop Diuretics
- Osmotic Diuretics
- Potassium Sparing
- Thiazide
Potassium Sparing
What Diuretic subclass action? Increase excretion of sodium and chloride by inhibiting the reabsorption of these ions in the distal proximal tubules and the loop of Henle.
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
- Loop Diuretics
- Osmotic Diuretics
- Potassium Sparing
- Thiazide
Loop Diuretics
This is the use of what drug class?
(a) Open-angle glaucoma, preoperatively to lower intraocular pressure.
(b) Edema due to CHF, cirrhosis of the liver, and/or renal disease.
(c) Hypertension
Diuretics
Adverse effects of what Class?
(a) Fluid and Electrolyte imbalance.
(b) Hypertension (Mostly orthostatic) syncope
(c) Arrhythmias
Diuretics
Patient Management Diuretics
Administer diuretics ______ to prevent nocturnal diuresis and disturbance of sleep.
early in the day
Patient Management Diuretics
- Need to void often the first few weeks.
- Need to monitor and potentially replace ____ in particularly _______
Electrolytes, Potassium
Administering diuretics.
You have a patient with one or more of these issues.. indicated or contraindicated?
(a) Cross sensitivity with sulfonamides.
(b) Kidney disease
(c) Electrolyte imbalance
(d) Uncontrolled arrhythmias
contraindicated
Administering diuretics.
You have a patient with one or more of these issues.. indicated or contraindicated?
(a) Open-angle glaucoma, preoperatively to lower intraocular pressure.
(b) Edema due to CHF, cirrhosis of the liver, and/or renal disease.
(c) Hypertension
Indicated
What Subclass?
Used in certain cases for the management of elevate intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
- Osmotic diuretics
Osmotic diuretics
What Subclass?
Furosemide: Lasix management of edema associated with due to CHF, cirrhosis of liver (i,e ascites) or renal disease, acute pulmonary edema.
Caution: May cause hypokalemia
-Is cross reactive with androgen receptors in the body and acts as a partial androgen blocker (testosterone blocker).
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
- Osmotic diuretics
Loop diuretics
What potassium sparing diuretic recommended for use in men, due it having relatively less cross reactivity with androgen receptors.?
- Spironolactone: Aldactone
- Eplerenone: Inspira
Eplerenone
What Subclass?
May be used as additional therapy for the management of Hypertension; can treat ascites due to cirrhosis, heart failure. Caution: May cause hyperkalemia.
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
- Osmotic diuretics
Potassium sparing diuretics
What Subclass?
Used in certain cases for the management of elevate intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
- Osmotic diuretics
Osmotic diuretics
What Subclass?
Furosemide: Lasix management of edema associated with due to CHF, cirrhosis of liver (i,e ascites) or renal disease, acute pulmonary edema.
Caution: May cause hypokalemia
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
- Osmotic diuretics
Loop diuretics
What is this
Fat-like substance in the blood. Cholesterol and Triglycerides (three fatty acids (broken down lipids). Low density Lipoprotein: LDL Cholesterol; High density Lipoprotein: HDL Cholesterol.
Lipids
What class is used for: Increase lipid levels
Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia Action for what subclass?
Inhibit an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis ( most commonly prescribed antihyperlipidemics).
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
- Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
- Fenofibrate (Tricor)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
Hyperlipidemia Action for what subclass?
Reduces VLDL and stimulates the catabolism of triglyceriderich lipoproteins, which results in decrease in plasma triglycerides and cholesterol.
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
- Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
- Fenofibrate (Tricor)
Fenofibrate (Tricor)
Hyperlipidemia Action for what subclass?
bind cholesterol in the GI tract and prevents its reabsorption, thus limiting the amount of fatty acids absorbed through the GI tract
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
- Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
- Fenofibrate (Tricor)
Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
Use of what Class?
Reduction of blood lipids in an effort to reduce the morbidity and mortality of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its sequelae.
Hyperlipidemia drugs
Adverse effects of what class?
(a) Constipation
(b) Abdominal pain/cramps
(c) Nausea
(d) Rhabdomyolysis
(e) Liver dysfunction
Hyperlipidemia drugs
Patient education of what class?
(a) Obtain initial labs (LFTs, Lipid panel, Chemistry).
(b) Allow 6-8 weeks of lifestyle changes prior to starting.
(c) Advise on Constipation: Education of diet to reduce symptoms.
(d) Advise on supplemental vitamins with Bile Acid Sequestrants.
hyperlipidemia drugs
