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EPPP > Psychopathology > Flashcards

Psychopathology Flashcards

1
Q

which disorder involves severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are verbal and/or behavioral, are grossly out of proportion to the situation or provocation, and occur three or more times each week; and (b) a persistently irritable or angry mood that is observable to others most of the day and nearly every day between outbursts.

A

disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

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2
Q

Oppositional Defiant Disorder requires a recurrent pattern of an ____ mood, _____ behavior, and/or ____,as evidenced by at least # of symptoms with at least one person who is ____

A

angry/irritable
argumentative/defiant
vindictiveness
4
not a sibling

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3
Q

as opposed to a manic episode that needs to last at least ____, hypomanic episodes last ___

A

1 week; 4 days

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4
Q

This disorder involves recurrent and intense sexual arousal for at least six months related to fantasies, urges, and/or behaviors involving sexual activity with a child or children 13 years of age or younger.

A

Pedophilic

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5
Q

In the early stages of frontotemporal NCD, what are not usually affected

A

learning and memory or perceptual-motor functioning

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6
Q

Who’s theory and which theory describes depression as the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors due to a lack of reinforcement in the environment and/or poor social skills.

A

Lewinsohn’s social reinforcement theory

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7
Q

how do they describe bipolar that is characterized by a low likelihood of mixed mood state and rapid cycling, long periods of recovery between episodes, and an onset between 15-19

A

classic bipolar disorder

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8
Q

When do symptoms of antisocial PD usually remit or become less severe

A

fourth decade

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9
Q

Which stage of Alzheimer’s (and length):
short-term memory loss
long-term memory loss
labile mood
irritability
disorientation,
delusions and hallucinations, wandering and pacing,
perseveration (repetitive speech and actions),
loss of impulse control,
impaired speech,
disrupted sleep patterns,
problems with normal daily activities (e.g., bathing, grooming, dressing),
sundowning (increased confusion, agitation, and restlessness in the late afternoon or evening).

A

Middle stage (2-10 years)

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10
Q

What medical condition is bidirectional with depression

A

myocardial infarction

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11
Q

Which category of neurocognitive disorder involves interference with the person’s independent in everyday activities

A

major neurocognitive disorder (as opposed to minor)

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12
Q

Behavioral treatments for paraphilic disorders invlude

A

classical conditioning: covert sensitization and orgasmic (masturbatory) reconditioning

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13
Q

What herb has shown similar therapeutic effects as SSRI for mild or moderate depressoin

A

St John’s wort

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14
Q

What type of dyslexia is most common

A

dysphonic (difficulty connecting sounds to letters)

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15
Q

a paraphilic disorder involveswhat

A

causes distress/impairment OR has entailed personal harm or risk of harm to others

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16
Q

What treatment is recommended for older adults with depression

A

either group CBT or IPT with a secondgen antidepressant

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17
Q

what is one of the strongest risk factors for depression among older adults

A

chronic medical illness, espcially when it’s debilitating or isolating

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18
Q

What medication assists with the core symptoms of autism

A

none :(

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19
Q

Which neurodevelopmental disorder is at greatest risk of developing early-onset Alzheimer’s

A

Down syndrome (because of extra APP gene)

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20
Q

disorderinvolves cross-dressing for the purpose of sexual arousal for at least six months as manifested in fantasies, urges, and/or behaviors that cause

A

Transvestic

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21
Q

What temperament is more likely to develop GAD

A

behavioral inhibition
neuroticism
harm avoidance

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22
Q

What NCD involves a prominent decline in language that involves deficits in speech production, word finding, object naming, grammar, or word comprehension

A

Frontotemporal, language variant (aka Primary progressive aphasia)

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23
Q

disorder involves recurrent and intense sexual arousal for at least six months from exposing one’s genitals to an unsuspecting person as manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors

A

Exhibitionistic

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24
Q

How much more common is BED in women than men

A

2-3 times more common

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25
Q

a sense of unreality, detachment, or being an outside observer of one’s thoughts, actions,

A

depersonalization

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26
Q

Bipolar 1 episodes

A

at least one manic
may/may not be preceded/followed by depressive or hypomanic

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27
Q

what type of delusional disorder involves believing your spouse/partner is unfaithful

A

jealous

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28
Q

who is most likely to:
doesn’t desire or enjoy close relationships, almost always chooses solitary activities, has little or no interest in sexual relationships, takes pleasure in few activities, lacks close friends or confidents other than first-degree relatives, appears to be indifferent to praise or criticism, is emotionally cold or detached or has flat affect.

A

Schizoid PD

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29
Q

In addition to binge eating, how many other symptoms are required for BED?

eating more rapidly than usual; eating until uncomfortably full; eating large amounts when not feeling hungry; feeling alone due to embarrassment about one’s binge eating; feeling disgusted, depressed, or very guilty about one’s binge eating

A

3

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30
Q

Which NCD involves plaques and tangles

A

Alzheimer’s

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31
Q

generally, how far below the population mean are individuals with ID

A

2 or more SD’s

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32
Q

What medications are conditionally recommended for PTSD

A

fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline
venlafaxine

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33
Q

What is the recommended treatment for elementary and middle-school aged kids and adol w/ ADHD

A

combo of behavioral and medication

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34
Q

How old must someone be for Intermittent Explosive Disorder

A

at least 6 (or the equivalent developmental level)

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35
Q

How long do specific learning disorder symptoms need to last

A

6 months, despite use of interventions

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36
Q

exhibits ideas of reference, has odd beliefs or magical thinking that influence behavior, has bodily illusions and other unusual perceptions, exhibits odd thinking and speech, is suspicious or has paranoid ideation, has inappropriate or constricted affect, has peculiarities in behavior and appearance, lacks close friends or confidents other than first-degree relatives, has excessive social anxiety that doesn’t diminish with familiarity.

A

Schizotypal PD

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37
Q

What is usually the first symptom of Alzheimer’s

A

short-term memory loss

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38
Q

Onset and progression pace of NCD w/ Lewy Bodies

A

insidious; gradual

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39
Q

how long ago must a death have been for prolonged grief disorder (adults, children)

A

12 months, 6 months

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40
Q

What are the 3 subtypes of conduct disorder

A

childhood-onset (at least 1 symptom before 10)
adolescent-onset (no symptoms before 10)
unspecified onset

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41
Q

What treatment has a higher response and remission rate for depression and faster time to remission

A

ECT (80 AND 70%)

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42
Q

In addition to SSRIs, which tricyclic is often used to treat OCD

A

clomipramine

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43
Q

a sense of unreality or detachment with regard to one’s surrounding

A

derealization

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44
Q

How long must you have an active phase of symptoms to be diagnosed with schizophrenia; how long must you have continuous signs of the disorder

A

At least a month; At least 6 months (can include prodromal and residual phases)

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45
Q

What NCD is the most common cause of early-onset NCD

A

Frontotemporal

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46
Q

Bipolar 2 episodes

A

at least one hypomanic and one major depressive

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47
Q

What is it called when someone responds to a substance use lapse with negative emotions, guilt, and a sense of personal failure?

A

abstinence violation effect

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48
Q

Can someone be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s if there NCD is mild

A

yes (or major)

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49
Q

How long do symptoms need to occur for a diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder?

A

at least 4 weeks in children/teens; 6 months in an adult

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50
Q
A
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51
Q

To be diagnosed with a specific learning disorder, when must issues onset; what must be said of their academic skills

A

school-age years; substantially below those expected for their age

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52
Q

What percentage of folks with BPD no longer meet full criteria by 40

A

up to 75%

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53
Q

What percentage of folks w/ OCD have comorbid disorders

A

90%

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54
Q

What is the mean age of onset for specific phobia

A

10

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55
Q

Who has better response to treatment of the eating disorders

A

binge eating

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56
Q

Which substance, and why these symptoms:
tachycardia or bradycardia, pupillary dilation, elevated or lowered blood pressure, perspiration or chills, nausea or vomiting, weight loss, psychomotor agitation or retardation, respiratory depression or cardiac arrhythmia, seizures or coma

A

Stimulant Intoxication

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57
Q

This disorder involves recurrent and intense sexual arousal for at least six months from touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting adult as manifested in fantasies, urges, and/or behaviors.

A

Frotteuristic

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58
Q

Which NCD is characterized by the buildup of an abnormal protein

A

Lewy bodies

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59
Q

When do severity of withdrawal symptoms typically peak for tobacco?

A

48-72 hours

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60
Q

Minimum number of days for acute stress disorder

A

3

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61
Q

How quickly does someone ejaculate with premature ejaculation

A

within one minute and before desired

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62
Q

What area of the brain is stimulated in rTMS

A

left dorsolateral pfc

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63
Q

When does BPD typically onset; when most severe

A

late adolescence; early adulthood

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64
Q

What is the baseline symptom of Delirium

A

a disturbance in attention and awareness that develops over a short period of time, is a change from baseline and fluctuates in severity over the course of the day

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65
Q

what is the most prevalent diagnosed disorder among youth aged 3-17

A

adhd

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66
Q

Which disorder involves (a) a persistent pattern of inhibited and emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers as demonstrated by a lack of seeking or responding to comfort when distressed and (b) persistent social and emotional disturbances

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

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67
Q

What type of psychoactive med could be used with delirium

A

antipsychotic like haloperidol (if agitated/psychotic)

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68
Q

Which NCD shows prominent early cognitive symptoms of deficits in complex attention and visuospatial and executive functions while, in the latter, the prominent early cognitive symptoms are deficits in learning and memory

A

NCD w/ Lewy Bodies
NCD d/t Alzheimer’s disease

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69
Q

What type of exposure is used for people who faint with blood-injection-injury phobia?

A

applied tension

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70
Q

What is the severity specifier for intellectual disability based on and what are the levels

A

adaptive functioning in conceptual, social, and practical domains
mild, moderate, severe, profound

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71
Q

Cyclothymic disorder episodes

A

numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms that don’t meet criteria for hypomanic episode and numerous periods of depressive symptoms that don’t meet criteria for major depressive

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72
Q

How long do symptoms of cyclothymic disorder need to last for adults? Children?

A

2 years; 1 year

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73
Q

What is the most effective antipsychotic medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia

A

clozapine (2ndgen)

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74
Q

How much more often is autism diagnosed in males than females

A

3-4 x

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75
Q

With the exception of antisocial, when can personality disorders be diagnosed and how long must they have lasted

A

adolescence; 1 year

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76
Q

is preoccupied with details, rules, and schedules so the major point of an activity is lost;
shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion;
is excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships;
is overly conscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible about morality, ethics, or values;
is unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they don’t have sentimental value;
is reluctant to delegate work to others unless they’ll do it his/her way;
adopts a miserly spending style toward self and others;
shows rigidity and stubbornness.

A

OCPD

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77
Q

For pedophilic disorder, how old does the person have to be and how much older than the child

A

16; 5

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78
Q

what percentage of women experience baby blues?

A

80%

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79
Q

Severity of symptoms of childhood-onset fluency disorder at what age is predictive of recovery

A

8

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80
Q

What substance, and why the symptoms?
- autonomic hyperactivity
- hand tremor
- insomnia
- nausea or vomiting
- transient hallucinations or illusions
- anxiety
- psychomotor agitation
- generalized tonic-clonic seizures

A

Alcohol Withdrawal

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81
Q

Can someone deny history of exhibitionistic disorder and still be diagnosed with it

A

yes, if there’s objective evidence to the contrary

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82
Q

What lasts longer than withdrawal symptoms for tobacco and is the primary reason for early and late relapses

A

cravings

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83
Q

Who is more likely to have a specific phobia, girls or boys, and how much more likely

A

girls, twice

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84
Q

What type of amnesia: an inability to recall some events that occurred during a circumscribed period of time

A

selective

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85
Q

typical age of onsetof tics

A

4-6

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86
Q

What term describes a depression that has prominent cognitive symptoms?

A

pseudodementia

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87
Q

Parent-Focused Intervention for conduct disorder, such as parent management training, work to change what

A

an escalating cycle of coercive interactions between children and their parents

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88
Q

Tourette’s requires what number of vocal and what number of motor tics, persisting for how long, and beginning by what age

A

one; multiple
1year
18 y/o

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89
Q

What are the characteristics of Cluster A disorders and which are included

A

odd or eccentric behaviors
- paranoid
- schizoid
- schizotypal

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90
Q

Which gender has a higher rate of Alzheimer’s

A

women (but maybe because they live longer)

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91
Q

Which treatment for substance use describes addiction as a learned habit pattern and views lapses as being precipitated by a high-risk situation?

A

Marlatt’s Relapse Prevention Therapy

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92
Q

What method is helpful for detecting malingering

A

forced-choice method

93
Q

when an actual external stimulus is misperceived or misinterpreted

A

illusion

94
Q

what type of amnesia: a complete loss of memory for one’s entire life

A

generalized amnesia

95
Q

There are forms of likelihood in Alzhiemer’s, in order of confidence

A

probable, possible

96
Q

what is the social deficit: atypical social interest, inappropriate approaches to others that seem aggressive or disruptive

A

impaired ability to develop, maintain, and understand relationships

97
Q

Which treatment for substance use is based on operant conditioning to “help people arrange their lifestyles so that healthy, drugfree living becomes rewarding and thereby competes with alcohol and drug use”?

A

Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA)

98
Q

Highest rates of suicide for most people of color occur at what age? Whites? Asians?

A

25-34; 45-54; 85+

99
Q

What type of memories return first with retrograde amnesia after ECT

A

older memories

100
Q

What is required for vascular NCD

A

evidence of cerebrovascular disease

101
Q

Which NCD has the following core features: fluctuating cognition with variations in attention and alertness, recurrent visual hallucinations, and symptoms of parkinsonism that develop after the cognitive symptoms.

A

Lewy Bodies

102
Q

Concordance of schizophrenia for the child of two parents with it

A

46%

103
Q

Which stage of Alzheimer’s:
severely deteriorated cognitive functioning,
severe disorientation,
apathy,
severely impaired communication,
agitation and aggression,
decreased appetite,
urinary and fecal incontinence,
loss of basic motor skills and most or all self-care skills,
abnormal reflexes,
seizures,
frequent infections.

A

Late stage (1-3 years)

104
Q

Treatment of choice for childhood-onset fluency disorder

A

habit reversal training

105
Q

When did suicide rates decrease slightly

A

2018-2020

106
Q

What substance, and why these symptoms:
- slurred speech
- incoordination
- unsteady gait
- nystagmus
- impaired attention or memory
- stupor or coma

A

Alcohol Intoxication

107
Q

what type of amnesia: inability to remembers new events as they happen

A

continuous

108
Q

How many symptoms of mania are needed for hypomanic disorder

A

3

109
Q

What is required, historically, for diagnosis of Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder; developmental age of what?

A

extreme insufficient care; 9 months

110
Q

formal term for stuttering

A

childhood-onset fluency disorder

111
Q

Can you confirm a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s

A

Yes, but only by brain biopsy or autopsy

112
Q

NCD d/t HIV infection are similar to those with damage to what area of the brain

A

subcortical

113
Q

Concordance of schizophrenia among monozygotic twins

A

48%

114
Q

what sleep issues are associated with depression

A

prolonged sleep latency
reduced REM latency
reduced slow-wave sleep
increased REM density

115
Q

Which substance, and why these symptoms:
fatigue, vivid and unpleasant dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, increased appetite, psychomotor agitation or retardation.

A

Stimulant Withdrawal

116
Q

How many motor/vocal tics are required for persistent motor/vocal tic disorder, for how long, and before what age

A

1 or more
less than a year
before 18

117
Q

How many symptoms are required for schizophreniform disorder and for how long

A

two of five; at least 1 month but less than 6 months

118
Q

What are the three subtypes of primary progressive aphasia

A

semantic
aggramatic/nonfluent
logopenic

119
Q

What is the most common age of onset for Alzhiemer’s

A

70 to 89

120
Q

What are the characteristics of Cluster C personality disorders and which are included

A

anxiety and fearfulness
- avoidant
- dependent
- obsessive-compulsive

121
Q

In young children, which gender is ODD more common? In older children and adolescents?

A

boys
equal

122
Q

though both are manipulative, those with histrionic PD do so to gain __ and those with antisocial PD do so to gain ___

A

nurturance;
power or material gratification

123
Q

What are the four categories of symptoms in conduct disorder

A

Aggression to people and animals
Destruction of property
Deceitfulness or theft
Serious violation of rules

124
Q

What two things are required for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder

A

deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts
restrictive and repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities

125
Q

When do symptoms of conduct disorder most frequently start

A

middle childhood - middle adolescence

126
Q

How long do symptoms of depression need to last

A

at least 2 weeks

127
Q

what type of amnesia: a loss of memory for a specific category of information

A

systematized

128
Q

How often does a person need to have difficulty obtaining/ maintaining an erection or have a decrease in rigidity to get dx’d w/ Erectile Disorder or Premature Ejaculation, and how long does it need to be happening for

A

75-100% of sexual activity
6 months

129
Q

what is involved in a manic episode: ____ mood and _____ activity or energy for _____ + 3 symptoms AND what

A

abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable
increased
1 week
either marked impairment, a need for hospitalization, or psychotic features

130
Q

Which stage of Alzheimer’s:
short-term memory loss
anomia
personality changes, like indifference or lack of spontaneity
anxiety/depression
impaired attention/concentration
poor judgment
disorientation to time and space

A

Early stage (2-4 years)

131
Q

What core psychopathology is CBT-E’s premise for ED txmt

A

excessive value given to physical appearance and weight

132
Q

To diagnose with brief psychotic disorder, how many characteristic symptoms are required, and what are they

A

1 or more:
(delusions,
hallucinations,
disorganized speech, )
grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior

133
Q

What 3 things are required for a diagnosis of Intellectual Developmental Disorder/Disability

A
  1. deficits in intellectual functioning
  2. deficits in adaptive functioning that cause a failure to meet developmental and socio-cultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility
  3. onset during developmental period
134
Q

Peak age of onset of schizophrenia for females

A

late 20s

135
Q

Three subtypes of exhibitionistic disorder

A

to prepubertal children
to physically mature individuals
to both

136
Q

when does tic severity usually peak

A

10-12

137
Q

What is a form of aversive counterconditioning that’s conducted in imagination and replaces sexual arousal to the object/behavior with fear or another undesirable response

A

covert sensitization

138
Q

What are the characteristics of Cluster B disorders and which are included?

A

dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors
- antisocial
- borderline
- histrionic
- narcissistic

139
Q

Highest rates of suicide for men occurs at what age? For women?

A

75+; 45-64

140
Q

What type of dissociative amnesia is the most common?

A

localized- an inability to remember new events as they happen

141
Q

What type of med is best for classic bipolar

A

lithium

142
Q

How much more likely is ADHD in males than females in childhood?

A

2x (ration is 1.6:1 in adulthood)

143
Q

how old do you have to be for enuresis

A

5 years or equivalent developmental level

144
Q

What specifiers are considered in diagnoses of OCD?

A

level of insight into veracity of beliefs
presence of tics

145
Q

How many symptoms and when need to be present for Conduct Disorder

A

at least 3 x in past 12 months AND at least 1 x in past 6 months

146
Q

Do compulsions connect in a realistic way to the individual’s goal

A

No

147
Q

How long do symptoms last in brief psychotic disorder

A

1day - less than a month

148
Q

How long do symptoms need to be present for Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A

6 months

149
Q

How long do symptoms have to occur for ADHD

A

at least 6 months

150
Q

What treatment is recommended for adults with depression

A

either therapy or SSRI/SNRI
(CBT, MBCT, IPT, behavioral, psychodynamic, supportive)

151
Q

How many motor/vocal tics are required for provisional tic disorder, for how long, and before what age

A

1 of either or more
less than a year
before 18

152
Q

What NCD involves prominent declines in social cognition and/or executive abilities (e.g., socially inappropriate behaviors, deficits in organizing and planning) plus three or more of the following behavioral and personality symptoms: behavioral disinhibition; apathy and inertia; loss of sympathy or empathy; perseverative, stereotyped, or compulsive/ritualistic behaviors; hyperorality and dietary changes (e.g., overeating, preference for sweet foods)

A

Frontotemporal, behavioral variant

153
Q

Does conduct disorder remit for most individuals by adulthood

A

Yes

154
Q

When do symptoms need to start for a diagnosis of autism

A

early developmental period

155
Q

Who is more likely to exaggerate cognitive problems

A

pseudodementia

156
Q

What makes the difference between a neurocognitive disorder and a neurodevelopmental disorder

A

acquired

157
Q

What percentage of children with ODD eventually received a dx of conduct disorder

A

30%

158
Q

For prolonged grief disorder, what must be present

A

Either intense yearning or preoccupation with thoughts and 2+symptoms nearly every day

159
Q

Pace of Alzheimer’s onset and progression

A

insidious onset; gradual progression

160
Q

what characteristics must be present for anorexia

A

(a) an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat or engage in behavior that interferes with weight gain and
(b) a disturbance in the way he/she experiences his/her weight or shape, self-evaluations that are unduly influenced by weight and shape, or a lack of awareness of the seriousness of his/her low weight

161
Q

What treatment is recommended for adolescents with depression

A

CBT or IPT and fluoxetine

162
Q

this disorder requires a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control that severely limits flexibility, openness, and efficiency

A

Obsessive-Compulsive PD

163
Q

Prevalence of autism

A

1-2% of population

164
Q

When people experience hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, how is their reality testing?

A

Intact

165
Q

What are the treatments for premature ejaculation

A

sensate focus and start-stop technique

166
Q

what occurs in binge eating episodes

A

eating an amount larger than most would
sense of lack of control over eating

167
Q

When should malingering be considered?

A

When seeking eval for legal reasons
When discrepancy between symptoms and objective findings
when uncooperative with evaluation or treatment
antisocial personality disorder

168
Q

What IQ level shows a better prognosis for autism

A

70+

169
Q

What type of dissociative amnesia is the least common

A

continuous - an inability to remember new events as they happen

170
Q

How often do binge episodes need to occur for BED

A

once a week x 3 months

171
Q

At least one symptom of MDD mustbe

A

either depressed mood OR anhedonia

172
Q

What is the social deficit: atypical use of eye contact, facial expressions, and gestures

A

impaired nonverbal communication used for social interaction

173
Q

What is the first-line treatment of ADHD in adults

A

medication

174
Q

The modified dopamine hypothesis predicts that positive symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with what where and the negative symptoms with what where

A

dopamine hyperactivity in subcortical (striatal) and dopamine hypoactivity in cortical (PFC)

175
Q

What are the two-factors in Mowrer’s explanation of the development of specific phobias

A

classical conditioning (US = naturally anxiety provoking; CR = phobia; CS = anxiety)
operant conditioning (avoiding stimulus is negatively reinforced by relief of anxiety

176
Q

How long do delusions have to last for dx of delusional disorder

A

1 month

177
Q

Who will engage in deception around a faked physical or psychological symptom with no obvious external reward

A

factitious disorder imposed on self (or others)

178
Q

What defines being time consuming for a diagnosis of OCD

A

more than an hour each day

179
Q

a pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits involving acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships, distortions in cognition and perception, and eccentricities in behavior

A

Schizotypal PD

180
Q

Which disorder leads to larger-than-normal head circumference, increased brain volume during 6 months-preschool

A

autism

181
Q

What involves instructing a person to switch while masturbating from fantasizing about the paraphilic object to a more appropriate object

A

orgasmic reconditioning

182
Q

what is the most common comorbid disorder with depression

A

substance use disorders, then anxiety, then personality

183
Q

when people have feigned memory loss, how do they describe the onset and termination of the amnestic period

A

sudden

184
Q

What usually precipitates separation anxiety disorder?

A

a stressful event (e.g., divorce, death of a pet or relative)

185
Q

How many of the following are required for Reactive Attachment Disorder, in addition to the core two symptoms:
minimal social and emotional responsiveness to others;
limited positive affect;
unexplained irritability, sadness, or fearfulness when interacting with adult caregivers

A

2

186
Q

What percentage of children have a specific learning disability, and what percent have a reading disorder

A

5-15%; 80%

187
Q

IED: Can the aggressive behaviors be premeditated or committed to achieve a tangible outcome

A

No, they are outbursts out of proportion to the stressor

188
Q

What are older adults with GAD most frequently worried about

A

health and safety

189
Q

Most cases of known-cause ID are caused by what

A

prenatal factors

190
Q

If the behavior does not result in damage/destruction to property or injury to other people/animals, Intermittent Explosive Disorder behavior needs to occur, on average (how often) for (how long)

A

verbal or physical aggression
twice weekly
at least 3 months

191
Q

What does St John’s wort interact with

A

SSRI (serotonin syndrome)
can reduce effectiveness of Xanax Wellbutrin statin

192
Q

What percentage of individuals with schizophrenia have tobacco use disorder

A

70-85%

193
Q

What are kids and teens w/ GAD most likely to worry about

A

catastrophic events
competence in sports and school

194
Q

In what percentage of cases of ID do we know the cause

A

25-50%

195
Q

What is the most empirically supported technique to help with lifelong female orgasmic disorder

A

directed masturbation

196
Q

What is required, historically, for a diagnosis of Reactive Attachment Disorder, onset before what age, and developmental age of what

A

extreme insufficient care; onset before 5; at least 9 months

197
Q

How many of these symptoms are needed for disinhibited social engagement disorder:
reduced or absent reticence in approaching or interacting with strangers
overly familiar behavior with strangers
diminished or absent checking with adult caregivers after being separated from them
willingness to accompany a stranger with little or no hesitation.

A

2

198
Q

What neurotransmitter is implicated in OCD and in what direction

A

lower levels of serotonin

199
Q

What is the social deficit: little or no initiation of social interaction, no sharing of emotions, difficulty processing and responding to social cues

A

impaired social-emotional reciprocity

200
Q

What is the average duration of Alzheimer’s from onset to death

A

8-10 years

201
Q

Concordance of schizophrenia with the child of a parent with it

A

13%

202
Q

How long do symptoms need to occur for dx of gender dysphoria

A

6 months

203
Q

What is the treatment of choice for preschool children with ADHD

A

parent training in behavioral management
medication only when behavioral interventions don’t improve it

204
Q

Which disorder involves a persistent pattern of behavior that’s characterized by inappropriate interactions with unfamiliar adults

A

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

205
Q

Who is most likely to suspects without sufficient reason that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving him/her;
is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty and trustworthiness of others;
is reluctant to confide in others;
reads demeaning content into benign remarks or events;
persistently bears grudges;
perceives attacks on his/her character and reputation and is quick to react with anger or a counterattack;
is suspicious without justification about the fidelity of his/her spouse or sexual partner.

A

paranoid PD

206
Q

What are common comorbid conditions with schizophrenia

A

anxiety; OCD; tobacco use

207
Q

How often sleep disturbance required for insomnia

A

at least 3x / week x at least 3 months

208
Q

This diagnosis requires a pervasive pattern of distrust and suspiciousness that involves interpreting the motives of others as malevolent

A

Paranoid PD

209
Q

Concordance of schizophrenia with fraternal twins

A

17%

210
Q

Which disorder accounts for 60-80% of cases of neurocognitive disorders

A

d/t Alzheimer’s Disease

211
Q

What is adolescence-limited type of conduct disorder due to, in theory?

A

maturity gap

212
Q

how often and for how long should binge eating and compensatory behavior occur for a diagnosis of bulimia

A

at least once a week for 3+ months

213
Q

What should you rule out before assigning a diagnosis of a sexual dysfunction

A

A serious relationship disturbance/stressor
Drug effects /medical conditions
d/t nonsexual mental disorder

214
Q

How many symptoms of inattention are needed? How many symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity

A

six and five (six for kids)

215
Q

Which disorder?
excessive distress when anticipating or experiencing separation from attachment figures; persistent reluctance to go to school, work, or other place away from home because of fear of separation from attachment figures; repeated complaints of physical symptoms when separation from a major attachment figure occurs or is anticipated

A

Separation Anxiety

216
Q

In NCD due to Lewy bodies, which comes first: motor or cognitive symptoms, unlike what disorder

A

cognitive (or concurrent), NCD d/t Parkinson’s

217
Q

What type of amnesia: an inability to recall all events that occurred during a circumscribed period of time

A

localized -an inability to remember new events as they happen

218
Q

Typical onset for childhood-onset fluency disorder

A

2-7

219
Q

Who has an earlier age of onset of OCD: men or women?

A

Men, but women have a higher rate in adulthoodWh

220
Q

what are the five characteristic symptoms of schizophreniform disorder

A

( delusions,
hallucinations,
disorganized speech, )
grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior,
negative symptoms (e.g., avolition, alogia, anhedonia).

221
Q

If the behavior results in damage/destruction of property or physical injury to people/animals, how many outbursts are required for IED in what amount of time

A

3 in a 12 month period

222
Q

What age should you have functional language skills for a better prognosis with autism

A

5

223
Q

What substance, and why these symptoms:
- dysphoric mood
- nausea or vomintg
- muscle aches
- diarrhea
- yawning
- fever
- insomnia

A

Opioid Withdrawal

224
Q

how many symptoms are needed for persistent depressive disorder vs. mdd, and how long

A

2 or more vs. 5; at least 2 years or 1 year in kids

225
Q

what disorder often precedes the onset of anorexia

A

anxiety

226
Q

Since what age should behaviors included in antisocial PD dx have occurred

A

15

227
Q

This disorder involves a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression in interpersonal settings

A

Schizoid

228
Q

What interesting features suggest Lewy Bodies NCD

A

rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and severe neuroleptic sensitivity

EPPP (2 decks)

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