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FlashCards > Psychology Chp 2-3 > Flashcards

Psychology Chp 2-3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is psychological developement?

A

A change in functioning across emotional,
cognitive and social domains

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2
Q

what is the nature vs nurture?

A

whether genetics (nature) plays a bigger role in determining a person’s characteristics than lived experience and environmental factors (nurture)

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3
Q

what is the biopsychsocial model?

A

The biopsychosocial model is a holistic framework for understanding the human experience in terms of biological, psychological, and social factors.

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4
Q

Name 3 biological factors

A
  • Sleep
  • Hormones genetics
  • Medicine
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5
Q

Name 3 psychological factors

A
  • Thoughts
  • Emotions
  • Attitudes/Beliefs
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6
Q

What is mental wellbeing?

A

a persons current psychological state, involving their ability to think, process information, and
regulate emotions.

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7
Q

Name the developmental periods across lifespan

A
  1. Infancy = 0-1
  2. Toddler = 1-3
  3. Childhood = 3-12
  4. Adolesnce = 12-19
  5. Young adulthood = 19-35
  6. Middle adulthood = 35-65
  7. Old adulthood = 65+
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8
Q

What is the secure vs insecure attachment theory

A

Secure - the needs of an infant being met constantly met by their primary caregivers allowing the infant to feel clamed

Insecure - Primary caregivers not meeting the infants needs and ignoring them.

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9
Q

name piagets theory

A

Cognitive development
1. Sensorimoter = 0-2 - you develop object permance, and have goal directed behaviour.

  1. Preoperational = 2-7 - very egocentric, overcome centration, and understand reversbility
  2. Concrete = 7-12 - understand conversations, understand classification, and preform mental operations like maths.
  3. Formal = 12+ - produce abstract thought and being able to use logic/reason.
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10
Q

name eriksons theory

A

Infant = Trust VS Mistrust
Toddler = Autonomy VS Shame/Doubt
Pre-Schooler = Intative VS Guilt
Primary-Schooler = Industry VS Inferiority
Adolescent = Identity VS Role Confusion
Young Adult = Intimacy VS Isolation
Middle Age = Generavity VS Stagnation
Older Age = Integrity VS Despair

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11
Q

what is maturation

A

process of growth that
has a fixed sequence and clear the way for all
aspects of our development as we
grow.

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12
Q

what is plasticity

A

the brain’s ability to physically change in
response to experience and
learning.

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13
Q

what are criticial and sensitive periods?

A

Critical periods are the narrow, rigid periods in which a specific skill must be learnt, while

Sensitive Periods are when a specific function or skill can be learnt in the fastest and easiest way.

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14
Q

what is typical and atypical behaviour?

A

typical behaviour is something an individual does and considred normal for them,

atypical behaviour is something unusual or not normal for someone to do.

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15
Q

name all the psychological critera

A
  1. Social Norms
  2. Cultrual perspective
  3. Personal distress
  4. Maladaptive behaviour
  5. Statstical rarity
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16
Q

what is normality and abnormality

A

normality is having thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that are considered common and acceptable

abnormality deviating from the norm, usually in a way that is undesirable

17
Q

What are the approaches to normality and abnormality?

A
  1. Socio - Cultrural
  2. Functional approach
  3. Historical approach
  4. Medical approach
  5. Statstical approach
  6. Situaonal approach
18
Q

What is neurotypicality?

A

describe individuals who display neurological and
cognitive functioning that is typical or expected

19
Q

what is neurodiversity

A

variations in neurological development and
functioning within and between groups of people,
such as those experienced by people with autism

20
Q

Difference between adaptive and maladaptive

A

adaptive - being able to
adjust to the environment
appropriately and function
effectively

maladpative - being unable
to adapt to the environment
appropriately and function
effectively

21
Q

what is neurodivergent?

A

individuals who
have a variation in neurological
development and functioning

22
Q

explain autisim and it strengs/limitations

A

developmental disorder that impairs the ability to communicate and interact.

strengths - good attention to detail
limitation - unable to keep or make eye contact

23
Q

explain ADHD and its strengths/limitations

A

persistent inattention or hyperactivity that disrupts social, academic, or occupational functioning

strenghth - creative
limitation - time managment

24
Q

explain dyslexia and its strenght/limitation

A

severe challenges in reading, spelling, writing words, and sometimes in arithmetic

strenghth - strong memory
limitation - slower learning

25
Q

name the types of mental health workers

A
  • social workworkers = They support people in making changes in their lives to improve
    personal and social wellbeing.
  • youth workers = They support young people in developing the skills they need to
    make positive changes in their lives

occupational therapists = promote wellbeing by enabling people to participate
fully in the responsibilities of everyday life

  • psychologists = an individual who is professionally trained in one or more branches or subfields of psychology
  • psychiatrist = a doctor who
    specialises in the diagnosis,
    treatment, prevention, and study
    of mental, behavioural, and
    personality disorders
26
Q

what is a cultural responsive practise?

A

acting in ways that respond to the needs of
diverse communities and demonstrating an openness to new ideas that may work
with different cultural ideas, beliefs, and values

27
Q

what is a limitation to piaget theory?

A

His research and theory was based of his own children, and not other people. Not many tests were done universelly.

28
Q

what is a limitation to erikson theory?

A

based on case studies and data that only reflected western standerds.

29
Q

what is limitation to attachment theory?

A

the theory fails to account cross culture differences.

FlashCards (13 decks)

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