Forensics Unit 1 and 2

Question 1

what is forensic science?

Answer 1

any science that is used to solve crimes, and it’s results are used in the courts of law.

Question 2

what is a csi?

Answer 2

a crime scene investigator are the experts in looking for evidence.

Question 3

what is a dectective?

Answer 3

they gather evidence

Question 4

what is a forensic biologist?

Answer 4

Look at the genetics and living matter found at the crime scene

Question 5

what is forensic engineer?

Answer 5

engineers look at the materials and structures that do not operate properly

Question 6

what is forensic chemist?

Answer 6

analyse any substances found at the crime

Question 7

what is a forensic odontologist?

Answer 7

Use dental evidence found at the crime scene

Question 8

what is forensic pathologist?

Answer 8

Examine bodies to determine cause of death

Question 9

what is forensic botanist?

Answer 9

Investigate evidence such as plants, seeds

Question 10

what is forensic psychologist?

Answer 10

advise judges on the state of mind of defendents and victim

Question 11

what is forensic entmalogist?

Answer 11

studies the life cycles of insects such as flies which feed on corpses

Question 12

what are 3 steps to take upon arriving at a crime scene

Answer 12

1. secure site
2. ensure safety of victims
3. call for backup

Question 13

3 steps to aviod contamination at a crime scene

Answer 13

1. wear gloves
2. wear mask
3. wear hair net

Question 14

what is labelling?

Answer 14

When you find evidence you label it with a number, photograph it and then take a sample for the lab.

Question 15

what is locards exchange principle?

Answer 15

edmund locard a french criminologist and his theory/principal is ‘every contact leaves a trace’

Question 16

name contact trace evidence

Answer 16

hair, blood splatter, fibers, and dna

Question 17

name all microscopes

Answer 17

1. magnifying glass
2. compound microscope
3. electron microscope
4. stereostopic microscope
5. comparison microscope

Question 18

what is a synthetic fibre?

Answer 18

Man-made
E.g. nylon, rayon, terylene, acrylic, polyester

Question 19

what is a natural fibre?

Answer 19

from plants or animals
e.g. cotton, linen, wool, silk

Question 20

what is hair made out of? and name 3 hair parts

Answer 20

keratin
1. medulla - central core
2. cortex - coloured layredn
3. cuticle - outer layer of overlapping scales

Question 21

name all hair parts

Answer 21

1. hair from scalp - tends to have circular cross section, often with split ends
2. beard hair - often has a more triangular cross section
3. brows and lashes - also have a circular cross section, but their ends are tapered
4. underarm hair - has a more oval cross-section than other types
5. pubic hair - short, curly and stiff, with an oval or triangular cross-section and short roots
6. general body hair - is finer and softer than pubic hair, but is also curly and either triangular or oval in cross-section

Question 22

what is visible spectrum?

Answer 22

When light passes through a prism it separates into a whole series of colours that we call the visible spectrum.

Question 23

name 2 types of lights forensic scientists use

Answer 23

UV - ultra violet
IR - infra red

Question 24

what is UV light

Answer 24

UV is a light that makes other substances glow

Question 25

what is phospherscent

Answer 25

substance that glows underneath UV ane continues to do so after the light is taken away

Question 26

what is refractive index?

Answer 26

a measure of the amount light is bent as it passes through substances

Question 27

When metal salts are heated the ions change energy levels as they burn this energy is released as?

Answer 27

coloured light

Question 28

what is a ion?

Answer 28

a charged atom

Question 29

The colours of the visible spectrum in order are?

Answer 29

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Question 30

what are fingerprints?

Answer 30

The individual ridges and patterns on our fingertips.

Question 31

name the 3 types of fingerprints

Answer 31

whorl, loop, arch

Question 32

does everyone have identical fingerprints and why?

Answer 32

Each person's fingerprints are different, which is why they have long been used as a way to identify individuals, including identical twins

Question 33

what is elimnation prints?

Answer 33

Collected from suspects or individuals associated with the crime scene by police by rolling fingers across in pad and paper

Question 34

what is latent prints?

Answer 34

latent print is the fingerprint transferred to another surface.

Question 35

what is forgery and name the three types

Answer 35

Forgery is changing of a document, or making an imitation of something, with the intent to cheat 1. Personal forgery 2. Forgery on metal 3. industrial forgery

Question 36

what is personal forgery?

Answer 36

when someone writes a signature that is not their own or alters figures or some words.

Question 37

what is industrial forgery?

Answer 37

copy expensive good quality products, often using poorer quality cheaper materials, so they can be sold very cheaply.

Question 38

what is forgery on metal?

Answer 38

Many stolen goods - such as cars, bikes, keys, tools and guns - carry identification marks or serial numbers imprinted on them. Criminals try to remove these by filling them down.

Question 39

what is chromatography?

Answer 39

method of separating the mixture of dyes used in ink.

Question 40

what are impressions?

Answer 40

Impressions are created when one object is pressed against another material with enough force to leave an impression of the object.

Question 41

what are casts?

Answer 41

casting material can be used to capture the surface features of a ton of impressions at crime scenes.

Question 42

what makes up our blood?

Answer 42

- red blood cells - white blood cells - plasma - platelets

Question 43

how much litres of blood does an average adult have?

Answer 43

5 litres

Question 44

how many red blood cells are there in drops of blood

Answer 44

1billon

Question 45

for every _____ blood cells

Answer 45

600

Question 46

for every 600 blood cells there are ________

Answer 46

40 platelets

Question 47

for every 600 blood cells there are 40 platelets and ______

Answer 47

1 white blood cell

Question 48

name the blood types

Answer 48

AA or AO = Type A BB or BO = Type B OO = Type O AB = Type AB

Question 49

what is the rarest blood type?

Answer 49

AB-

Question 50

what is the most commonest blood type?

Answer 50

O+

Question 51

who can give blood?

Answer 51

type O blood, universal donor

Question 52

who can recieve blood?

Answer 52

type AB, universal recipents

Question 53

How is blood evidence detected at a crime scene?

Answer 53

through light and blood ragent tests

Question 54

what is DNA

Answer 54

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and contains genetic information.

Question 55

where is DNA located?

Answer 55

chromosomes located in the nucleus of our cells.