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AAH Final Review > Psychology Book Test 3 > Flashcards

Psychology Book Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Type A Personality

A

Competitive, impatient, and ambitious

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2
Q

Resistance Stage

A

Body attempts to return to a normal state by restoring spent energy and repairing damage; arousal remains high; anger, fatigue

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3
Q

Rationalization

A

Use of self-justifications to explain away unacceptable behaviors

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4
Q

Pleasure Principle

A

The demand for instant gratification without regard to social rules or customs

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5
Q

Maslow

A

Developed the self-actualization principle

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6
Q

Standard Scores

A

Scores that represent an individual’s relative deviation from the mean of the standardized sample

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7
Q

Allport

A

Said personality traits are inherited but influenced by experience

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8
Q

Individualistic Culture

A

A culture that emphasizes individual identity and personal accomplishments

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9
Q

Acculturative

A

Demands faced by immigrants in adjusting to a host culture

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10
Q

Personality

A

The relatively stable constellation of psychological characteristics and behavioral patterns that account for our individuality

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11
Q

Internal Locus Control

A

Rewards or reinforcements in life are a direct consequence of their own actions

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12
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Most common form of skin cancer

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13
Q

Multiple Approach-Avoidance

A

Involves two or more goals, each with compelling positive and negative characteristics

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14
Q

Collectivistic Culture

A

A culture that emphasizes people’s social roles and obligations

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15
Q

Karen Horney

A

Studied basic anxiety (children feeling isolated and helpless) and basic hostility (deep form of resentment toward parents)

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16
Q

Distress

A

Unpleasant state of physical or mental pain or suffering

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17
Q

Genital Stage

A

Puberty

People seek sexual intimacy

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18
Q

Oral Stage

A

Birth-18 months

Put things in mouth, clingy, passive

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19
Q

Approach-Approach

A

Two positive but mutually exclusive goals exist

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20
Q

Phallic Stage

A

3-6 years old

Oedipus/Electra complex

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21
Q

Fixations

A

Constellations of personality traits characteristic of a particular stage of psychosexual development, resulting from either excessive or inadequate gratification

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22
Q

Traumatic Stressors

A

Potentially life-threatening events

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23
Q

Walter Mischel

A

Said behavior is influenced by situational variables ad person variables

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24
Q

Encoding Strategies

A

Personal perceptions of events

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25
Q

Julian Rotter

A

Came up with the Locus of Control

26
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome

A

Selye’s term for the three-stage response of the body to persistent or intense stress

27
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Small endocrine gland located in the midbrain that coordinates the response to stress

28
Q

Preconscious

A

The part of the mind whose contents can be brought into awareness through focused attention

29
Q

Surface Traits

A

Can be inferred from behavior

30
Q

Source Traits

A

Deep level of personality, must be inferred based on underlying relationships

31
Q

Hans-Eysenck

A

Extraverted-Neurotic
Extraverted-Stable
Introverted-Neurotic
Introverted-Stable

32
Q

Sublimation

A

Channeling of unacceptable impulses into socially constructive pursuits

33
Q

Antibodies

A

Protein molecules that serve to mark antigens for destruction by specialized lymphocytes

34
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Adrenal hormones that increase the body’s resistance to stress by increasing the availability of stored nutrients to meet the increased energy demands of stressful events

35
Q

Reciprocal Determinism

A

Cognitions, behaviors, and environmental factors influence each other

36
Q

Outcome Expectations

A

Predictions of the outcomes of behavior

37
Q

Efficacy Expectations

A

Predictions you hold about your ability to perform tasks or behaviors you set our to accomplish

38
Q

Adrenal Cortex

A

The outer layer of the adrenal glands that secretes corticosteroids

39
Q

Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone

A

Pituitary hormone that activates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids

40
Q

Alarm Stage

A

First stage of the general adaptation syndrome involving mobilization of the body’s resources to cope with an immediate stressor

41
Q

Approach-Avoidance

A

A goal has both positive and negative qualities

42
Q

Creative Self

A

Aware of itself and organizes goal-seeking behavior

43
Q

Inferiority Complex

A

Children feel inferior and want to compensate

44
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Inner part of the adrenal glands that secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline

45
Q

Unconditional Positive Regard

A

Valuing another person as having intrinsic worth

46
Q

Conditional Regard

A

Valuing a person only when the person’s behavior meets certain standards

47
Q

Five Factor Model

A

Dominant trait model of personality

  1. Neuroticism
  2. Extraversion
  3. Openness
  4. Agreeableness
  5. Conscientiousness
48
Q

Antigens

A

Substances that are recognized by the immune system as a foreign to the body and that induce it to produce antibodies to defend against them

49
Q

Psychological Hardiness

A

A cluster of personality traits associated with an increased resilience to stress

50
Q

Self Ideals

A

Our idealized sense of who or what we should be

51
Q

Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis

A

The integrated system of endocrine glands involved in the body’s response to stress

52
Q

Exhaustion Stage

A

Heart rate and respiration decrease

Disease of adaptation (kidney, heart, depression)

53
Q

Latency Stage

A

Ages 6-12

Sexual impulses are dormant

54
Q

Psychoanalytic Theory

A

Freud’s theory of personality and behavior are shaped by unconscious forces and conflicts

55
Q

Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone

A

A hormone released by the hypothalamus that induces the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotrophic hormone

56
Q

Anal Stage

A

18mos-3 years

57
Q

Avoidance-Avoidance

A

Both opposing goals are unpleasant

58
Q

Id

A

Instinctual impulses

59
Q

Reaction Formation

A

Behaving in a way that is opposite of one’s true wishes or desires

60
Q

Interleukin-6

A

Associated with heart disease, diabetes, and cancer

AAH Final Review (10 decks)

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