Exam 6 Flashcards
Organs of the Endocrine System
Pineal gland Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Thyroid and parathyroid glands Thalmus Adrenal glands Pancreas Ovaries/testes
Pineal Gland
Produces melatonin
Regulates our sleep cycles
Too much can affect our secondary sex characteristics
Hypothalamus
Produces and releases corticotropin releasing hormone, thyrotropin releasing hormone, growth hormone releasing hormone, gonadotropin releasing hormone, prolactin releasing factor, somatostatin, and prolactin inhibiting factor
Releases hormones that stimulate the release of other hormones from the pituitary
Anterior Pituitary
Growth hormone (dwarfism, acromegaly, gigantism)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone
Lutenizing hormone
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
Prolactin
Posterior Pituitary
Antidiuretic hormone (increase is SIADHH, decrease is DI), oxytocin
Thyroid
T3 and T4, calcitonin
Regulates metabolism, decreases serum calcium and phosphorus levels
Iodine is necessary for proper thyroid function
Parathyroid
Parathyroid hormone increases serum calcium and phosphorus
Thymus
Produces thymosin
Helps to train our immune system at a young age so it can recognize self from non-self
Can contribute to myasthenia gravis
Adrenal Medulla
Produces epinephrine and norepinephrine
Pheochromocytoma is a tumor in the adrenal medulla, typically benign, that stimulates the continuous release of epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenal Cortex
Produces corticosteroids (cortisol), androgens, and mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
Too much cortisol creates Cushing’s syndrome
Too little cortisol creates Addison’s disease
Ovary
Creates estrogen and progesterone
Aids in the development of women’s secondary sex characteristics, helps prepare uterus for implantation of the egg, and aids in fetal development
PCOS is an endocrine related disorder
Testes
Creates testosterone
Helps males to develop their secondary sex characteristics
Erectile dysfunction and infertility
