Psychology 4 Flashcards by Jordan Schmidt

Which of the following is the primary pattern of sexual response?

Excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

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Drive reduction Theory-

Organisms are motivated to find homeostasis by fulfilling their natural needs (food, water, safety) Primary more than Secondary drives
Weakness- people overindulge themselves

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Arousal Theory-

People are motivated to seek what they feel is the optimal level of arousal
Weakness- does not explain long term motivation

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incentive Theory-

People are motivated towards behaviors that offer the best positive incentives.

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instinct theory-

Organisms have inherited tendencies to react to certain stimuli
Weakness does not explain complex human behavior.

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MCClelland’s Need for achievement-

how much people enjoy accomplishment

-Those with high need for accomplishment set high but realistic goals

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Maslow hierarchy of motivation (pyramid shape)

Self actualization
Esteem- Respect
Belonging- love
Safety, money, nurture
Physiological (Needs for survival)

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Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia

Anorexia Nervosa- self starvation for weight loss

Bulimia- overeating and then vomiting 95% are female 30% die

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Trait view-
Situationist view-
Interactionist view-

Trait view- People behave based on their genetic traits and characteristics

Situationist view- Behaviors are determined by the situation

Interactionist view- Both traits and situations affect behavior

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Psychodynamic

Freud- Unconscious mind determines behavior
ID- inborn unconscious instinct (aggression, sex)(pleasure principle)

Ego- Balances ID and Superego (Reality principle)

Superego- Contains moral values (Idealistic principle)

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(Projective/objective view)

Let me tell you about my friend Gertruda,” says Schultz. Schultz is most likely about to describe some of Gertruda’s ______________ traits.

secondary

type

central

cardinal

Cardinal trait - This is the trait that dominates and shapes a person’s behavior. These are the ruling passions/obsessions, such as a need for money, fame etc.
Central trait - This is a general characteristic found in some degree in every person. An example of a central trait would be honesty.
Secondary trait - These are characteristics seen only in certain circumstances (such as particular likes or dislikes that a very close friend may know). They must be included to provide a complete picture of human complexity.

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Freud- Psycosexual Stages of development

Oral (0-2)
Anal (2-4) Anal retentive- OCD neat freak    Anal expulsive- exact opposite 
Phalic (4-7) oedipus complex
Latengy (7-12)
Genital (+12)

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Oedipus complex-

Electra complex-

Oedipus complex- boys have impulses for their mothers and desire to eliminate or replace the father

Electra complex- oedipus complex for girls

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Rationalization-

Reaction formation-

Reaction formation- doing the opposite of an inappropriate impulse
Rationalization- try to rationally justify one’s actions

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Displacement-

Sublimation-

Displacement- Beat wife when frustrated

Sublimation- converting unacceptable impulses into acceptable ones

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Denial-

Projection-

Denial- don’t acknowledge the problem

Projection- Blame your problems on something else

Repression-

Repression- block threatening thoughts and memories

Kelly’s mom is late in picking her up. Kelly believes her mom is late because her mother is just plain lazy and doesn’t care about time. Kelly explains her mother’s behavior by using a(n) ______________ attribution.

external

ultimate

internal

fundamental

Internal attribute- Kelly blames her mothers laziness

Self serving bias-

We attribute our success to internal characteristics and blame failure to external causes

Barbara and Anna saw a person in the park dancing naked, painted all over like a lava lamp. Because Barbara subscribes to the ____________ theory of personality, she believes that the dancer’s behavior must be meaningful to him. Anna, however, subscribes to the ____________ theory of personality, and she believes that some aspect of the dancer’s personality is failing to control his impulses.

social-cognitive; humanistic

psychodynamic; humanistic

humanistic; psychodynamic

trait; psychodynamic

Humanist; Psychodynamic

Psychoanalysis-

Jung, Horney neo-freudian
Personal unconsciousness- comes from unique experiences

Collective unconsciousness- Inherited memories from ancestors

emphasized parent-child interaction Womb envy challenged penis envy

Horney

Humanist-

Emphasis self-determination and conscious choice

Self actualization- psychological growth

Rogers- was what kind of psychologist?

Self theory?

Humanist-

self theory- you must match your real self to your ideal self to find positive self regard

Trait Theory- What are the 5 personality traits?

Trait theory- traits are present at birth and develop through interaction with the environment Trait theory- 5 personality traits Extroversion- outgoingness Openness- creative, likeable low score- regulated routine Agreeable- kind nice warm Conscientious- organized, reliable, dependable Neuroticism- anxious, tense, emotionally unstable

Eysenck's three factor theory

Extra tersionism Neuroticism Psychoticism/Nonconformity

What personality quiz is used today Who created the Inkblot test?

MMPI- Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory- Questionnaire used Rorschach Inkblot test

``` Social psychology- Social cognition- Social identity- Social comparison- Relative deprivation- ```

Social psychology- people act in certain ways based on their situation Social cognition- how we perceive people Social identity- The groups we belong to Social comparison- Judging yourself based on others grades Relative deprivation- The sense a person is not doing well in their reference group

Attribution theory- Internal Attributes- External Attributes-

Attribution theory- explanation of social attributes Internal Attributes- personal factors External Attributes- Situational factors

Attribution Theory Social desitability- Ultimate Attribution error- Actor observer effect-

Social desitability- We attribute others actions only to internal attributes Ultimate Attribution error- if you like a person you attribute their actions to internal attributes Actor observer effect- others actions are due to personal disposition ours are due to variables

Social facilitation- | Social impairment-

Social facilitation- feeling of doing better when watched | Social impairment- feeling of doing worse when watched

Social loafing-

tendency to put forth less effort when in a group

Groupthink- | Group polarization-

Groupthink- tendency to agree with other group members ideas only to please each other Group polarization- group's tendency to become more radical and extreme than individuals.

Guy who did the shock till dead obedience test

Milgram

``` Foot in the door- Low ball technique- That's not all- Hard to get- Door in the face- ```

Foot in the door- small requests and build up to big ones Low ball technique- get verbal commitment then up the price That's not all- tack more on the deal Hard to get- Limited offer buy now Door in the face- ask for a favor likely to be denied then ask for something more reasonable

Cognitive dissonance- Cognitive consistency-

Cognitive dissonance- the uncomfortable state that arises from discrepancy between behavior and attitude Cognitive consistency- the exact opposite

Triangular theory- Romantic love- Compassionate love- Consummate love-

Triangular theory- sternberg- Intimacy, Passion, Commitment Romantic love- Intimacy, Passion, lacks commitment Companionate love- Intimacy, commitment, lacks passion Consummate love- High in all three

Deindividuation-

loss of sense of self that occurs when people are in group