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Success on Step 2 > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Are fixed beliefs even with evidence to disprove belief.

A

Delusions; trump supporters are delusional

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2
Q

Is marked decreased in reactivity to the environment, usually patients maintain a rigid bizzare posture

A

Catatonia

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3
Q

What are negative symptoms?

A

The absence of pleasure (ahendonia), the absence of expression (flat), the absence of self motivation (avolition), the absence of interest in social engagement (asociality), speech poverty (alogia)

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4
Q

Delusional disorder criteria

A

The patient must have one or more delusions for a month or longer, but no other psychotic symptoms. Apart form the delusion this patient seems relatively normal.

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5
Q

Schizophreniform criteria

A

The patient presents with two or more of the following; delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behaviors, and or negative symptoms for up to 6 months

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6
Q

Schizophrenia criteria

A

The patient presents with two or more of the following delusions, hallucinations, disorganized behaviors, and or negative symptoms for > 6 months

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7
Q

Brief psychotic disorder criteria

A

The patient presents with at least one of the following positive symptoms; delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behaviors for up to. Symptoms are at least present for one day, but symptoms do not extend past one month. Patient should resolve fully to their baseline.

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8
Q

An MRI of the head of a schizophrenic patient may show enlarged cerebral ventricles like what other pathology?

A

Alzheimers

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9
Q

This type of thought pattern deviates from topic to topic, but patient will eventually return to the original topic.

A

A –>B –>A; this is circumstantial, think of circum as in we always get back to original point

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10
Q

This type of thought pattern does not come back to the original topic. The patient seems to be going on a rant. The ideas and thought are organized

A

Tangential, patient essentially goes on tangent after she/he switches the subject.

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11
Q

This type of thought pattern the patient jumps from topic to topic with well organized sentence structure an ideas

A

Loose association

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12
Q

This type of thought pattern there are no connecting ideas mid sentence there can me a change in topic so the idea and the thought processes aren’t well developed.

A

Flight of ideas

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13
Q

Creation of new words with made up meanings

A

Neologisms

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14
Q

Immediate uncontrolled repetition

A

Echolalia

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15
Q

When a person mid-sentence stops speaking.

A

Thought blocking

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16
Q

Schizoaffective criteria

A

A period of mood episode (depression/mania) and delusions or hallucinations for two or more weeks without mood episodes.

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17
Q

Substance/medication induced psychosis criteria

A

Presence of one or both hallucinations or delusions, did the symptoms develop after substance use and is the substance capable of causing hallucinations and or delusions?

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18
Q

Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition criteria.

A

There are hallucinations and or delusions, there is evidence that there is a pathology that causes the latter symptoms, the symptoms are not explained via another mental disorder

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19
Q

Catatonia associated with another mental disorder criteri

A
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20
Q

1st generation of anti-psychotics

A

Chlorpromazine, haloperidol, droperidol, fluphenazine

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21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of 1st generation anti-psychotics?

A

The inhibit the positive symptoms

22
Q

What is EPS?

A

Extra-pyrimidal symptoms. This includes dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, and parkinson like symptoms. “PARK DATE,” to remember EPS symptoms

23
Q

What is dystonia? What is the treatment?

A

Involuntary muscle contractions, benztropine or diphenhydramine

24
Q

What is akathisia?What is the treatment?

A

Restlessness, try lowering the dose of no resolve beta blocker or benztropine

25
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia? What is the treatment? What is the treatment?

A

Repetitive involuntary slow purposeless movements ( sticking the tongue out or smacking) that can occur months after starting medical therapy.

26
Q

What is treatment for a patient taking antipsychotics and the develop parkinson like symptoms?

A

Benztropine

27
Q

What are the second generation anti-psychotics?

A

Olanzapine, paliperidone, ziprasidone, iloperidone, aripripazole, quetiapine.

28
Q

What is the MOA of second generation antipsychotics?

A

Treat both positive and negative symptoms

29
Q

What are some of the side affects of second (atypical) anti-psychotics

A

Hypermetabolic syndrome, agranulocytosis

30
Q

For patients that are non-compliant with schizophrenia medications what is an alternate options for medical therapy?

A

Long acting depot (haloperidol or other second generations)

31
Q

A 45 yo patient presents to the ED after he was found on the floor with marked rigidity, temperature of 102, and altered mentation. The patient has a history of schizophrenia. What is the treatment for his current state?

A

Dantrolene

32
Q

Which drug is used for treatment resistant psychotic disorders?

A

Clozapine, resistance means the patient has tried at least two drugs for a 6 week duration.

33
Q

These drugs have an increased risk for developing a hyper-metabolic state.

A

olanzaipine and clozapine

34
Q

These drugs are the mood stabilizers

A

VAL; valproic acid, anti-psychotics, and lithium

35
Q

Which anti-psychotic can cause agranulocytosis?

A

Clozapine

36
Q

What are the major side affects of lithium?

A

It can cause hypothyroidism and nephrotoxicity

37
Q

What is a side affect of riepserdone

A

Gynecomastia

38
Q

Major depressive disorder criteria?

A

The patient must have 5 or more of these symptoms for greater than two weeks. Change in sleep, interest, guilt, energy, concentration, appetite,Psychomotor (dyskinesia) suicidal ideation

39
Q
A
39
Q

What are the SSRI medications?

A

Citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertaline, paroxetine

40
Q

What are the common side affects of SSRI’s

A

Erectile dysfunction, suicidal ideation

41
Q

What are the SNRI medications?

A

Venlafaxine and duloxetine

42
Q

What are the side affects of trazadone?

A

Priapism and sedation

43
Q

What is a side affect of mirtazipine?

A

Weight gain

44
Q

Bipolar disorder 2 criteria

A

The patient does not have mania

45
Q

Disruptive mood regulation disorder criteria

A

For a year more Persistent outburst out of proportion to the event. The outbursts occur 3 or more times a week and the mood between outbursts are irritable or angry.

46
Q

Persistent depressive disorder criteria

A

Symptoms must be present for two years or more. The patient has not been without symptoms for longer than two months or longer The patient has a depressed mood throughout the day daily.

47
Q

Premenstural dysphoric disorder criteria

A

Must have five of the following symptoms the week prior to menstruation mood swings, irritability, depressed mood, anxiety.

48
Q

Substance/medication induced depressive disorder criteria

A

Can not be explained by other depressive disorders. The drug upon consumption or withdraw has the ability to cause depressive symptoms.

49
Q

Bipolar 1 diagnostic criteria

A

Patients diagnosed with bipolar 1 should have an episode of mania (elevated mood, activity, energy). During these episodes the patient can have “DIGFAST,” distractibility, impulsivity, grandiosity, flight of ideas, activity, sleep deficit, and talkitive. These symptoms can be severe and require hospitilization

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