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Psychiatry > Psychiatric Complications of Physical Disorders > Flashcards

Psychiatric Complications of Physical Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the commonest mental health problem in hospitalised elderly patients?

A

Delirium

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2
Q

Give some of the main signs of delirium

A 
Impairment of consciousness
Cognition disturbance
Psychomotor disturbance
Sleep-wake cycle disturbance
Emotional disturbance
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3
Q

How may a delirious patient with impaired consciousness present?

A

Clouding
Drowsiness
Comatose

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4
Q

Give some examples of disturbed cognition seen in delirium

A

Disorientation
Impaired memory/attention
Impaired thinking
Hallucinations

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5
Q

What type of hallucinations are most commonly seen in delirium?

A

Visual

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6
Q

How may psychomotor disturbance in delirium present?

A

Hyperactive
Hypoactive
Mixed

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7
Q

Patients with delirium commonly have their symptoms worsen at day/night

A

Night - sundowning

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8
Q

What types of sleep disturbance are seen in delirium?

A

Insomnia
Sleep loss
Reversal of sleep cycle
Nightmares

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9
Q

Give some examples of affective disturbance seen in delirium

A

Fear
Anxiety
Irritability
Euphoria

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10
Q

What are the general features of delirium?

A

Rapid onset
Transient and fluctuating course
Lasts days-to-months

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11
Q

Which age group of patients have the highest percentage of delirium?

A

80+

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12
Q

List some general causes of delirium (everything not acceptable)

A 
CV disorders
Respiratory disorders
GI disorders
Endocrine disorders
GU disorders
Intoxication
Neurological disorders
Trauma
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13
Q

What drugs have a high risk of causing delirium?

A 
Anticholinergics
Anticonvulsants
Anti-Parkinsons
Steroids
Opiates
Alcohol
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14
Q

Give some metabolic causes of delirium

A

Hypoxia
Hypoglycaemia
Hypo/hyperthyroidism
Hypopituitarism

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15
Q

If no cause of delirium is identified then delirium cannot be the diagnosis. True/false?

A

False - not finding cause does not exclude diagnosis

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16
Q

Give some general risk factors for delirium

A 
Age
Dementia
Deafness/blindness
Perioperative
Immobility
Stress
17
Q

What is the main cognitive test used to diagnose delirium?

A

4AT

18
Q

What is assessed within the 4AT?

A

Alertness
AMT4
Attention
Acute change/fluctuating course

19
Q

What is the most important step is managing delirium?

A

Identifying and treating the cause

20
Q

What can be done to manage the environment and help treat delirium?

A

Well lit quiet side room
Constant orientation
Minimal staff changes

21
Q

What drug is given as standard to manage delirium?

A

Haloperidol

22
Q

When is lorazepam used to manage delirium?

A

Parkinson’s
Lewy body dementia
Alcohol withdrawal

23
Q

Up to how many patients have post-stroke depression?

A

1/3

24
Q

What % of patients have depressive symptoms following an MI?

A

65%

Psychiatry (23 decks)

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