Psych Semester 2 Exam - RED

Question 1

Hindbrain

Answer 1

controls basic survival functions that we do unconsiously

Question 2

Midbrain

Answer 2

keep us alert, awake and vigilant

Question 3

Forebrain

Answer 3

responsible for complex functions like emotions, motivations, sensations, perceptions, learning and memory

Question 4

Neuroplasticity

Answer 4

the brain’s ability to grow and change throughout the lifespan. When an individual’s neurons and their connections, as a result of learning, experience and brain trauma

Question 5

Long term potation

Answer 5

the long lasting strengthening of neural connections in the brain due to repeated stimulation

Question 6

Rerouting

Answer 6

healthy neurons seek an alternative route when existing connections are lost

Question 7

Sprouting

Answer 7

existing neurons form new axon terminals and dendrites to allow new connections to be made

Question 8

effect of ABI on biological factors

Answer 8

change in organ function, seizures, loss or increased sensitivity of smell or some smells

Question 9

effect of ABI on pscychological factors

Answer 9

changes in cognition, behaviour, personality, emotion and memory loss, impusivity and irritability

Question 10

effect of ABI on social factors

Answer 10

relationships, interations in the environment and interpersonal skills

Question 11

Fight or flight response

Answer 11

occurs in the sypathetic autonomic nervous system. is a survival mechanism done by the body when faced with a threat, either confronting the problem or running away. involves heightened alertness, breathing and heart rate.

Question 12

attitudes

Answer 12

the judgement a person makes about other people, objects or experiences. can be positive, negative or neutral

Question 13

tri component model

Answer 13

has affective, behavioural and cognitive components. All have to be present to form an attitude.

Question 14

affective component

Answer 14

the emotions a person has towards something

Question 15

behavioural component

Answer 15

the way our attitude is expressed through our actions

Question 16

cognitive component

Answer 16

the belief a person has about something. linked to what the person already knows and is a result of experience

Question 17

stereotype

Answer 17

a collection of beliefs about people who belong to a certain group, regardless of their individual differences - COGNITIVE

Question 18

Person perception

Answer 18

mental processes used to form impressions and draw conclusions, which guide how we form relationships with people

Question 19

attribution

Answer 19

the process that people use to explain their own and other’s behaviour. Personal and situational factors

Question 20

heuristics

Answer 20

mental shortcuts that help us to make quick decisions on limited information to reduce cognitive load

Question 21

heuristic types

Answer 21

availability, representativeness, affect, anchoring

Question 22

availability heuristic

Answer 22

based on information that is easily accessible

Question 23

anchoring heuristic

Answer 23

based on the first information recieved

Question 24

representative heuristic

Answer 24

the probablility of an event occuring by comparing it to typical examples

Question 25

affect heuristic

Answer 25

based on a person’s emotional state

Question 26

positives of heuristics

Answer 26

positive: saves time, adaptive and protective, reduces cognitive load

Question 27

negatives of heuristics

Answer 27

negative: prone to error and bias, leads to base rate fallacy, when decisions are more influenced by memories and experience rather than facts

Question 28

Factors affecting conformity (SNUGCID)

Answer 28

Social loafing
Normative influence
Unanimity
Group size
Culture
Informational influence
Deindividuation

Question 29

Social loafing

Answer 29

making less effort when it is a group task as opposed to an individual task

Question 30

Normative influence

Answer 30

believing that others expect you to act in a certain way

Question 31

unanimity

Answer 31

complete agreement in terms of knowing the answer

Question 32

group size

Answer 32

the number of people in a group. if there is a larger group, it is harder to go against people

Question 33

culture

Answer 33

social norms, expectations, rituals, practices and beliefs of certain societies or group. The effect of social and cultural factors on the tendency to conform

Question 34

informational influence

Answer 34

when we believe the information is true. more likely to conform with others when they want to give a correct answer

Question 35

deindividuation

Answer 35

the loss of individuality or the sense of anonymity that occurs in a group

Question 36

factors that effect obedience

Answer 36

proximity, status of authority figure, group pressure

Question 37

proximity

Answer 37

how physically close one or more people are to each other

Question 38

status of authority figure

Answer 38

an authority figure who has a higher position or status in a social hierarchy

Question 39

group pressure

Answer 39

acting in a certain way or feeling like they should act to align with the group

Question 40

visual agnosia

Answer 40

a brain disorder that interferes with one’s ability to identify and recognise objects and people using vision, despite the affected sensory system being otherwise fully funtioning