Unit 1 AOS 3 SAC

Question 1

primary data

Answer 1

collected first hand, and is original and unique to study

Question 2

secondary data

Answer 2

data sourced from other reseach, not first hand. may be sourced from publicly available databases or from other researchers

Question 3

percentages

Answer 3

given number/total number x 100

Question 4

mean

Answer 4

average

Question 5

median

Answer 5

middle number

Question 6

mode

Answer 6

highest recurring number

Question 7

systematic errors

Answer 7

errors that differ from true value by a consistent amount - affects the accuracy

Question 8

random errors

Answer 8

errors that occur due to chance - affects the precision

Question 9

conclusion questions

Answer 9

does the data support or reject the hypothesis?
is further evidence required?
are there clear recommendations for further studies?

Question 10

Personal Errors

Answer 10

errors that occur based on mistakes of the experimenter or observer

Question 11

Ethical Considerations (Can Voldemort Win If Dumbledore Dies)

Answer 11

Confidentiality, voluntary participation, withdrawal rights, informed consent, debriefing, deception

Question 12

Hypothesis

Answer 12

PIPD - Population, Independant variable, prediction, dependant variable (comparison)

Question 13

Ethical concepts

Answer 13

integrity, respect, justice, beneficence, non-maleficence

Question 14

aim

Answer 14

to investigate the effect of (IV) on (DV)

Question 15

Independent variable

Answer 15

purposely modified by researcher to test the change

Question 16

Dependent variable

Answer 16

affected by IV, measurable

Question 17

Population and sample

Answer 17

Population is the whole group of interest and the sample is the group of people used in the study

Question 18

Sampling Techniques

Answer 18

convenience, random and stratified

Question 19

convenience sampling

Answer 19

using a sample based on availability and convenience, e.g a teacher using their students

Question 20

random sampling

Answer 20

selecting participants by chance, e.g picking names out of a hat

Question 21

stratified sampling

Answer 21

split people into sub groups and then select from those groups, e.g groups based on age or gender

Question 22

controlled variable

Answer 22

considered to have an effect on DV so has to be held constant to remove potential effects, e.g not being allowed to drink coffee before a test to be compared with a group that did drink coffee

Question 23

extraneous variables

Answer 23

things that could potentially have an effect on the DV, e.g participant and experimenter variables, order effects, placebo effect and non standardised instructions

Question 24

Research designs

Answer 24

Between subjects, within subjects, mixed design

Question 25

between subjects research design

Answer 25

participants are split and are exposed to different conditions, they are measured against the other group

Question 26

within subjects research design

Answer 26

each participant is exposed to both conditions and measured against themselves

Question 27

Mixed design

Answer 27

has elements from between and within designs, has 2 IVs