Psych Overview: U5 Ch12

Question 1

It encompasses methodologies ranging from individual case studies through the large-scale statistical analysis of the interrelationships among innumerable personality traits.

Answer 1

What the field of personality psychology encompasses

Question 2

Three forces of psychology

Answer 2

(1) Behaviorism (2) Psychoanalysis (3) Humanistic psychology

Question 3

Know what was the outstanding characteristic of human beings

Answer 3

Individuality

Question 4

What is the Latin experession:

Answer 4

Scientia non est individuorum (“ Science is not about individuals.”).

Question 5

What does science seek to establish:

Answer 5

Generalizations

Question 6

Drives from the Greek word nomos for “law,” and it studies people in terms of general laws or characteristics on which they vary to quantitatively specifiable degrees.

Answer 6

Nomothetic

Question 7

Derives from idios, the Greek for “one’s own” and the root for English words such as idiosyncrasy. This research attempts to investigate and describe what it is that makes a given person unique, and its methods are much more likely to be qualitative than quantitative.

Answer 7

Idiographic

Question 8

A term to describe the state achieved by motives that may have originated in childhood but that are maintained because they have become reinforcing or rewarding in their own right and are thus autonomous of their earliest origins.

Answer 8

Functional Autonomy

Question 9

Three primary clusters proposed by Eysenck

Answer 9

Extroversion/introversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism.

Question 10

Big Five

Answer 10

openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Question 11

William Sheldon’s three somatypes:

Answer 11

ectomorphic, endomorphic, or mesomorphic.

Question 12

A theoretical approach based on the idea that the deepest source of human motivation lies in the ability to overcome feelings of inferiority.

Answer 12

Individual psychology

Question 13

A construct proposed by alder to denote the pattern of inferiority feelings, and motives to overcome those feelings, that arises in all children.

Answer 13

Inferiority Complex

Question 14

occurs when the individual is doing what he is fitted for.

Answer 14

Self-actualization

Question 15

Arranging motives in a hierarchy. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Answer 15

Maslow’s contribution

Question 16

Five general categories of needs

Answer 16

Physiological, safety, love, esteem and self-actualization.

Question 17

What were Maslow’s lower four levels categorized as:

Answer 17

Deprivation needs

Question 18

What was Maslow’s fifth level categorized

Answer 18

being needs

Question 19

What Maslow referred “to the new and more universal science”:

Answer 19

Positive Psychology

Question 20

Rogers’ counseling approach

Answer 20

Client-centered therapy

Question 21

The title of Roger’s approach was epitomized by:

Answer 21

approach and philosophy

Question 22

The therapist must consistently try to react to the client with an unthreatening respect.

Answer 22

Unconditional positive regard