Psych Overview: U2 Ch3 Flashcards
he convincingly demonstrated the general importance of the brain for all of the higher human functions, while also originating the popular nineteenth-century movement know as phrenology
Gall
Examining the similarities and differences among brains of many animal species, children, the elderly, and the brain-damaged people, as well as normal human adults.
Comparative anatomist
Literal meaning of Phrenology
“mind” from the Greek root.
the reading of a person’s character in his or her physical features.
Physiognomy
the measurement of the physical dimensions of the skull
Craniometry
A particular independent variable would be deliberately and systematically manipulated, and the resulting effects on dependent variables carefully observed.
Experiment
He surgically removed specific small parts of an animal subject’s brain.
Flourens’ IV
Observation of any consequent changes in the behavior or function of the animal after recovery from the surgery.
Flourens’ DV
Surgically removing specific small parts of an animal subject’s brain and observing any consequent changes in the behavior.
Ablation
A group of speech disorders resulting from damage to specific areas of the brain.
Aphasia
The area of the frontal lobe where ablation causes impairments in expressive speech.
Broca’s Area
_______ and ________ discovered that electrified portions of the motor strip elicited specific movements on the opposite side of the body.
Fritsch and Hitzig’s
A functional distinct area of the brain’s anterior occipital lobe responsible for processing visual stimuli.
Visual Area
A functionally distinct area of the temporal lobe responsible for the processing of auditory stimuli.
Auditory area
A functionally distinct area of the brain, bordering the motor strip, responsible for mediating sensory functions from various parts of the body.
[Somato] Sensory strip
He used a new conception of the brain as the basis of an influential theory of aphasia.
Wernicke’s contribution
patients can speak perfectly fluently with correct syntax, but their understanding of spoken language is severly impaired and their speech is marked by numerous peculiar words and mispronunciations.
Sensory Aphasia
Speech disorder that occurs when there is damage to the left frontal lobe, resulting in the inability to vocalize comprehensible speech.
Motor Aphasia
Where is Wernicke’s area located
Temporal lobe
the apparent capacity of any intact part of a functional brain to carry out . . . the [memory] functions which are lost by the destruction of [other parts].
Lashley’s Equipotentiality
the efficiency of performance of an entire complex function may be reduced in proportion to the extent of brain injury.
Ashley’s Law of Mass Action
the convergence of cognitive psychologists and neuroscientists using new technologies to reveal what actually go on in the different arts of the brain as various cognitive activities are performed.
Cognitive Neuroscience
