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BRS YEAR 2 > Psych - Intro to Psych > Flashcards

Psych - Intro to Psych Flashcards

1
Q

What is emotional lability?

A

Sudden, exaggerated changes in mood e.g. switching from laughing to crying suddenly

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2
Q

What is dense hemiparesis?

A

Inability to move your limbs on one side of your body

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3
Q

What is an adjustment reaction?

A

State of subjective distress or emotional disturbance to a point that it interferes with your social and daily functioning, usually in the presence of a life changing event or stressful event.

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4
Q

What is organic delusional disorder?

A

A disorder in which persistent or recurrent delusions dominate the clinical picture, sometimes accompanied by hallucinations

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5
Q

Why may organic delusional disorder be associated with schizophrenia?

A

It may have features suggestive of SCZ such as thought disorder or bizarre hallucinations

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6
Q

What are the 2 main features of post-stroke psychosis?

A

Hallucinations

Delusions

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7
Q

Strokes of which hemisphere are affected more in PSP?

A

Right hemisphere more than left hemisphere (5:1)

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8
Q

What are the main delusional themes in PSP?

A

Persecutory
Environmental
Jealousy

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9
Q

How do we treat PSP?

A

Treatment unknown

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10
Q

How may physical illness lead to mental illness?

A
  • Disability can cause a fall in quality of life
  • Steroids and other medications can cause side effects
  • Certain physical illnesses may have a direct impact on mental health such as a stroke
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11
Q

How may mental illness lead to physical illness?

A
  • Certain medications such as anti-psychotics can cause cardiovascular effects.
  • Poor lifestyle choices in the context of mental health problems can lead to poor physical health otucomes
  • Disengagement with healthcare services due to stigma
  • Smoking, alcohol, drugs
  • Diet and exercise (lifestyle again)
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12
Q

What physical disorders can lead to mental health disorder? (7)

A 
Diabetes
MSK disorders
CVD
Hypothyroidism
Cushing's
Cancer
Parkinsons

COPD
Thyrotoxicosis
Infection (syphilis/HIV)

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13
Q

What is the disparity in life expectancy between those with chronic mental illness and the general population?

A

Those with chronic mental illness on average die 20 years before general population

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14
Q

What factors may affect the timely diagnosis of physical disorders in people with mental illness?

A

Illness behaviour
Lack of Resources
Stigma
Disease overshadowing

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15
Q

What is delirium defined as?

A

Organic cerebral syndrome characterised by concurrent disturbances of attention, perception, thinking, memory, psychomotor behaviour, emotion and the sleep-wake schedule.

In other words, it is the psychiatric manifestation of physical illness

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16
Q

What is the prevalence of delirium?

A

40% of over 65s on a ward will have delirium, but 50% of delirium is undetected - but it is associated with a high mortality

17
Q

What are the 2 types of delirium?

A

Hypoactive and hyperactive

18
Q

What are the causes of delirium?

A 
Infection
Change in environment
Medication
Alcohol withdrawal
Surgery
Pain
Liver/renal impairment
Hypoxia
Hyponatraemia
Stroke
Encephalitis 
Constipation
Urine retention
Dehydration
19
Q

What are the risk factors for delirium?

A 
Old age
Dementia
Impaired ADLs/ immobility
Sensory impairment
Urinary catheterisation
Malnutrition 
Alcohol
Depression
20
Q

How do we manage delirium?

A

Modify risk factors - early detection is key

Treat the underlying cause of delirium - unfortunately you never return to the same cognitive baseline

21
Q

What is stigma?

A

The challenges faces by people with mental illness related to the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours f people they meet

22
Q

What does stigma lead to?

A

Discrimination

23
Q

What is the prevalence of stigma?

A

75% of people with mental illness have experienced stigma

24
Q

What are the types of stigma?

A

Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Structural

25
Q

Examples of intrapersonal stigma

A

You create your own internalised stigma e.g. you don’t engage in health services

26
Q

Examples of interpersonal stigma

A

Family, friends and colleagues treating you differently

27
Q

Examples of structural stigma

A

NHS underfunding mental health/making mental health resources harder to access

BRS YEAR 2 (37 decks)

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