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Fall 2023 > Psych - Intelligence > Flashcards

Psych - Intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

Intelligence

A

Capacity to understand, think rationally, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges

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2
Q

Fluid Intelligence

A

Reflects the ability to reason abstractly

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2
Q

G-factor

A

Single, general factor for mental ability
Early theories assumed a single factor for intelligence

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3
Q

Crystallized Intelligence

A

Accumulation of learned information, knowledge, and skills

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4
Q

Gardner’s Intelligence Theory
Theory of Multiple Intelligences

A

Proposes that there are eight distinct types of intelligence, with more possible

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5
Q

What are the eight types of intelligence under Gardner’s Theory?

A
  • Musical Intelligence
  • Bodily kinesthetic intelligence
  • Logical-mathematical intelligence
  • Linguistic intelligence
  • Spatial intelligence
  • Interpersonal intelligence
  • Intrapersonal intelligence
  • Naturalist intelligence
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6
Q

2 purposes of lateral prefrontal cortex

A

-Managing multiple pieces of info simultaneously
- Solving new problems

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7
Q

Practical Intelligence

A

Intelligence related to overall success in living

Nonacademic intelligence

Characterized by analysis and creativity

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8
Q

What physical characteristic of the brain is associated with higher intelligence?

A

Thicker cerebral cortex

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9
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

Ability to assess, evaluate, express, and regulate emotion

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10
Q

Mental Age/MA

A

Age for which a given level of performance is average

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11
Q

Intelligence Quotient/IQ

A

A score that gauges intelligence by comparing the subject’s mental age and chronological age

IQ=Ma/CA*100

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12
Q

What is the normal range of IQ?

A

85-115

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13
Q

What are the two most popular IQ tests?

A
  • Stanford-Binet intelligence scale
  • WAIS-IV / WISC-IV (Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale/Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children - IV)
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14
Q

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

A

An intelligence test system developed during 1910s
Series of trials that varied according to the subject’s chronological age

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15
Q

WAIS-IV / WISC-IV

A

Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale
Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children

Tests subjects based on:
Verbal comprehension
Perceptual reasoning
Working Memory
Processing Speed

16
Q

What are the 3 prerequisites for an accurate IQ test

A
  • Reliability (consistency, similar score every time when given to same person)
  • Validity (Measures what it says it does)
  • Norms (standardization)
17
Q

Adaptive Testing

A

Method of using computers to vary questions from tester to tester

18
Q

Mental Retardation / Intellectual Disabilities

A

Significant limitations in both intelligence and adaptive skills

Considered IQ of 69-

19
Q

What are the 4 degrees of Intellectual Disability?

A
  • Mild = IQ 69-55
  • Moderate = IQ 54-40
  • Severe = IQ 39-25
  • Profound = IQ <25
20
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Genetic disorder in which a person is born with 47 chromosomes instead of 46

Commonly causes intellectual disability

21
Q

Familiar Retardation

A

Family history of intellectual disability with no apparent biological cause

22
Q

Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

A
  • People with intellectual disabilities are entitled to full education
  • Students with intellectual disabilities must be educated and trained in the least restrictive environment feasible
23
Q

Mainstreaming

A

Practice of integrating students with intellectual disabilities into regular classrooms at limited intervals based on their capabilities

24
Q

Full Inclusion

A

Total integration of all students into regular classrooms regardless of disability

25
Q

Intellectually Gifted

A

People with an IQ >130

Estimated 2-4% of population

26
Q

Culture-Fair IQ Test

A

IQ test designed to not discriminate against people of any minority group

27
Q

Heritability

A

Degree to which a characteristic is related to genetic facotrs

28
Q

When gaps between the IQs of different racial groups in a community exist, which group scores the lowest?

A

The economically disadvantaged group

29
Q

Are there often large discrepancies in IQ between groups?

A

No

30
Q

Flynn Effect
(And 3 possible explanations)

A

The average person today has higher IQ than people in the past

Possible causes
- Daily challenges today are different than in the past
- Better nutrition/parenting
- Better education/social environment

31
Q

Aptitude

A

Capacity for learning a skill

32
Q

Special Aptitude Test

A

A test to predict a person’s likelihood of success in a certain work or skill

33
Q

Performance Intelligence

A

Intelligence that does not require skill in language

34
Q

Verbal Intelligence

A

Intelligence that requires skill in language

35
Q

Fragile X Syndrome

A

An intellectual disability caused by deformation of the X chromosome

36
Q
A

Fall 2023 (13 decks)

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