Psych - Intelligence Flashcards
Intelligence
Capacity to understand, think rationally, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges
Fluid Intelligence
Reflects the ability to reason abstractly
G-factor
Single, general factor for mental ability
Early theories assumed a single factor for intelligence
Crystallized Intelligence
Accumulation of learned information, knowledge, and skills
Gardner’s Intelligence Theory
Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Proposes that there are eight distinct types of intelligence, with more possible
What are the eight types of intelligence under Gardner’s Theory?
- Musical Intelligence
- Bodily kinesthetic intelligence
- Logical-mathematical intelligence
- Linguistic intelligence
- Spatial intelligence
- Interpersonal intelligence
- Intrapersonal intelligence
- Naturalist intelligence
2 purposes of lateral prefrontal cortex
-Managing multiple pieces of info simultaneously
- Solving new problems
Practical Intelligence
Intelligence related to overall success in living
Nonacademic intelligence
Characterized by analysis and creativity
What physical characteristic of the brain is associated with higher intelligence?
Thicker cerebral cortex
Emotional Intelligence
Ability to assess, evaluate, express, and regulate emotion
Mental Age/MA
Age for which a given level of performance is average
Intelligence Quotient/IQ
A score that gauges intelligence by comparing the subject’s mental age and chronological age
IQ=Ma/CA*100
What is the normal range of IQ?
85-115
What are the two most popular IQ tests?
- Stanford-Binet intelligence scale
- WAIS-IV / WISC-IV (Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale/Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children - IV)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
An intelligence test system developed during 1910s
Series of trials that varied according to the subject’s chronological age
WAIS-IV / WISC-IV
Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale
Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children
Tests subjects based on:
Verbal comprehension
Perceptual reasoning
Working Memory
Processing Speed
What are the 3 prerequisites for an accurate IQ test
- Reliability (consistency, similar score every time when given to same person)
- Validity (Measures what it says it does)
- Norms (standardization)
Adaptive Testing
Method of using computers to vary questions from tester to tester
Mental Retardation / Intellectual Disabilities
Significant limitations in both intelligence and adaptive skills
Considered IQ of 69-
What are the 4 degrees of Intellectual Disability?
- Mild = IQ 69-55
- Moderate = IQ 54-40
- Severe = IQ 39-25
- Profound = IQ <25
Down Syndrome
Genetic disorder in which a person is born with 47 chromosomes instead of 46
Commonly causes intellectual disability
Familiar Retardation
Family history of intellectual disability with no apparent biological cause
Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975
- People with intellectual disabilities are entitled to full education
- Students with intellectual disabilities must be educated and trained in the least restrictive environment feasible
Mainstreaming
Practice of integrating students with intellectual disabilities into regular classrooms at limited intervals based on their capabilities
