psych final Flashcards
studyyyyyy
________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.
a. sensation; perception
b.perception; sensation
c.preception; postception
d.perception; reception
b. perception; sensation
Kimya stares at a bright light and then looks away. After she looks away, she perceives a spot. What is this spot?
afterimage
Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to ________.
their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites
Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?
cones
Congenital deafness refers to deafness ________.
since birth
What concept is illustrated by the following study? Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subjects did not notice it.
inattentional blindness
________ amplitudes are associated with ________ sounds.
a.higher; louder
b.lower; louder
c.higher; weaker
d.higher; quieter
a. Higher; louder
Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________.
adaptation
Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________.
transduction
Derek wants to win the student of the year award so badly that when the name of the award winner is announced, he is convinced that he hears his name. He stands up and begins to leave the aisle when his friend grabs his hand. Someone else won the award. This illustrates how ________can affect perception.
motivation
Soon after birth, a nurse almost drops Osei. He spreads his arms, pulls them back in, and then cries. This is an example of ________.
moro reflex
It is hard to tell how Guy’s father will respond to Guy. Sometimes he is responsive to Guy’s needs, but he is just as likely to ignore Guy. At 18 months old, Guy clings to his father, but he is just as likely to reject his father if his father tries to play with him. Guy becomes angry when his father leaves, and Guy is difficult to comfort even after his father returns. What kind of attachment is this?
resistant
18-month-old Gordon learned the schema for apples. When Gordon sees tomatoes at the grocery store, he says, “Look mommy, apples!” His mother tells him that the food he sees at the store is a tomato, not an apple. He now has separate schemata for tomatoes and apples. This exemplifies ________.
accommodation
Carissa’s parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this?
permissive
________ is a long-standing connection or bond with others.
attachment
A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge.
zygote
Which of the following illustrates conservation?
a.Deirdre believes that five pennies have more value than two nickels.
b.Rebekah recycles her glass bottles but not her cell phone batteries.
c.Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.
d.Joseph saves his energy by brushing his teeth in the shower.
c.Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.
Adolescents (ages 12–18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
identity vs. confusion
Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify?
object permanence
Marcy is 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger—she doesn’t care if he leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice or react. What kind of attachment is this?
aviodant
What was the primary finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart?
Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities.
When Marcos is unhappy, he is mean to other children; he calls them names and behaves aggressively toward them. He often manipulates his peers into doing what he wants. What coping strategy is Marcos using?
moving against people
Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?
denial
The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person’s unconscious desires, fears, and struggles.
Rorschach
