animal science final Flashcards
1
Q
What is the #1 way to get hurt around livestock
A
gates
2
Q
What is the category in beef breeds that is a combination of 1 or more breeds?
A
Composite
3
Q
In the avian reproductive system, where is the egg shell produced?
A
uterus
4
Q
When comparing fats & carbohydrates, how much more energy do fats have?
A
2.25 times the amount
5
Q
What is the scientific word for birthing difficulties?
A
dystocia
6
Q
List 3 continental/exotic breeds
A
1.limousine
2.piement
3.Simmental
7
Q
Name 3 british breeds?
A
Shorthorn, herford, angus
8
Q
name 3 composite breeds?
A
1.Beef Master
2.Sim-Angus
3.Brangus
9
Q
What do you call a castrated male Bovine?
A
Steer
10
Q
What do you call a castrated horse?
A
Gelding
11
Q
What do you call a castrated chicken?
A
Capon
12
Q
What do you call a castrated pig?
A
farrow
13
Q
What do you call a castrated sheep & goat?
A
Wether
14
Q
What do you call an immature female bovine?
A
Heifer
15
Q
What do you call a mature female horse?
A
Mare
16
Q
What do you call a immature female horse?
A
filly
17
Q
What do you call a mature male horse?
A
Stallion/stud
18
Q
What do you call a immature male horse?
A
Colt
19
Q
What do you call a baby horse?
A
foal
20
Q
what do you call an adult female pig?
A
Sow
21
Q
What do you call an immature female pig?
A
Gilt
22
Q
What do you call a mature male pig?
A
Boar
23
Q
What do you call a mature female sheep?
A
Ewe
24
Q
What do you call a mature male sheep?
A
Ram
25
What do you call a female donkey?
Jenny
26
What do you call a male donkey?
Jack
27
Name 3 ruminant livestock animals?
Cows, sheep, goats
28
Name 2 monogastrate digestive system animals?
Pigs, Horses
29
What is the term for the genetic make-up of a creature?
Genotype
30
In cattle, fertilization of the egg happens where?
Ovaduct/fallopian tube
31
Semen is stored in what liquid for AI?
nitrogen
32
On average, how often should a hen lay an egg?
every 25 hours
33
On average, when do we want heifers to birth their first calf?
at 24 months
34
If we want our heifers to calve at 24 months, when do we breed them?
15 monthsW
35
What is an example of a bos inducuis breed?
Zebu
36
What 3 plant material can a ruminent digest, that we cannot?
Cellulose, semi-cellulose, lignin
37
There are 3 types of injections, what is the injection that is right under the skin?
Subcutaneous injection
38
What is the gestation period for pigs?
3 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days
114 days
39
If we give an intravaneous shot, where is it given?
veins
40
What is the gestation period for cows?
283 days
41
what is the gestation period for sheep?
145-147 days
42
what is the incubation time for chicken eggs?
21 days
43
what is the incubation time for duck eggs?
28 days
44
what part of a ruminant's stomach can get the hardware disease?
Reticulum
45
The build up of gas in the rumen that the animal isn't expelling is called....
Bloat
46
What are the methods to allivate bloat?
1. trochar
2. mineral oil into rumen, and gas leaves through tube inserted into mouth
3. incision for emergencies
47
what is the scientific word for chewing?
mastification
48
what is the scientific word for taking a bite?
Prehension
49
what is the scientific word for pooping?
Defication
50
What is the scientific word for peeing?
Michurition
51
What is the scientific word for swallowing?
Deglutition
52
What is the most expensive nutrient in livestock rations?
protein
53
What is the non-protein nitrogen fed to cattle but not horses?
Urea
54
Where in the bovine reproductive tract should semen be deposited?
Body of the Uterus
55
Pasturization definition
heating up dairy produce to disinfect
flash heating and cooling
56
Homoginization definition
to take the fat and run it through a screen and break down the fat so it wouldn't separate later in the process
57
what do you call an intact, immature male bovine?
bull calf
58
What do you call a intact imature male sheep?
ram lamb
59
What do you call the birthing process for pigs?
farrowing
60
what do you call an immature female goat?
doling
61
what do you call an immature intact maleg goat?
buckling
62
what do you call the combination of mare and jack?
mule
63
what do you call the combination of a jenny and a stallion?
henny
64
where is the Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) produced?
hypothalamus
65
where is the Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced?
anterior pituitary
66
where is the Luteinizing hormone (LH) produced?
anterior pituitary
67
where is estrogen produced?
ovarian follicule
68
where is progesterone produced?
corpus luteum
69
where is Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) produced?
nonpregnant uterus
70
where is oxytocin produced?
posterior pituitary
71
Approximately how many dietary essential nutrients are there?
50
72
Digestible energy is the difference between ________ and fecal loss.
gross energy
73
_______ is the major carbohydrate found in forages such as hay and silage.
cellulose
74
Which is NOT a region of the small intestine?
1. Duodenum
2.Jejunum
3.Cecum
4.Ileum
3. cecum
75
The projections lining the small intestine are called:
Villi
76
What do ruminants use as energy sources resulting from microbial digestion?
VFA's
77
true or false, The proventriculus in birds does not grind feed.
true
78
T or F
The omasum, a compartment in the stomach, is often called the "honeycomb."
False
79
A deficiency in what element causes goiter in newborn animals?
Iodine
80
Which of the following cereal grains contains the largest amount of crude fiber?
a.corn
b.sorghum
c.wheat
d.oats
d. Oats
81
What is the minimum percent protein content for a protein supplement?
20%
82
What minimum percent crude fiber must a feed be in order to be placed in the dry forage and roughage category?
at least %18
83
T or F
A lack of selenium might cause young to be born with white muscle disease.
true
84
_______ is the term that includes urea and purified amino acids.
non-protein nitrogen
85
______ are considered better quality feed than grasses because they have a low stem and high leaf content.
legumes
86
________ is the process of producing a silage from a forage under anaerobic conditions.
Ensiling
87
what is the most common forage in our area?
fescue
88
What are the pros of AI?
1. Access to superior genetics
2. disease control
3. reduces the potential for injury
89
What are the cons of AI?
1. requires a lot of management
2.requires skill or training
3. can be costly
90
what is the function of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?
releases LH and FSH
91
what is the function of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
stimulates growth of ovarian follicules
92
what is the function of Luteinizing hormone (LH)?
regulates ovulation and formation of corpus luteum
93
what is the function of estrogen?
controls estrous behavior and LH surge
94
What is the function of Progesterone?
maintains pregnancy-compatible uterus
95
what is the function of Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) in a Nonpregnant uterus?
causes regression of corpus luteum
96
What structure becomes the corpus luteum after ovulation?
infundibulum
97
T or F
Crossbreeding is the mating of individuals to maintain a relationship to a common ancestor.
false
98
T or F
In general, carcass characteristics are lowly heritable.
false
99
T or F
The expected progeny difference (EPD) is equal to one-half of an animal's breeding value.
True
100
T or F
The most important factors influencing the onset of puberty are age and weight.
true
101
T or F
Hybrid vigor is the superiority of the crossbred individual relative to the average performance of the purebreds included in the cross.
true
102
T or F
Carcass merit characteristics are considered to be lowly heritable.
false
103
What hormone from this list is released corpus luteum?
1. gonadotropin releasing hormone
2. luteinizing hormone
3. follicle stimulating hormone
4. progesterone
1. gonadotropin releasing hormone
104
T or F
Hybrid vigor is the superiority of the crossbred individual relative to the average performance of the purebreds included in the cross.
true
