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psych exam Flashcards

1
Q

What do psychologists do?

A

Conduct research, promote physical and mental health, help people learn, work in the community, and contribute to the work environment.

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2
Q

What are the main types of psychology?

A

-Biological
-Cognitive
-Developmental
-Learning and memory
-Perception
-Personality
-Social

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3
Q

What does Biological psychology do?

A

studies the neural, hormonal and other physical factors that affect behavior.

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4
Q

What does cognitive psychology do?

A

studies how perception, thought, and interpretation affect behaviors and interactions with others.

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5
Q

What does developmental psychology do?

A

studies the mental and behavioral changes that occur over the life span of an individual.

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6
Q

What does learning and memory psychology do?

A

studies how new associations are made and how information are stored.

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7
Q

What does perception psychology do?

A

studies the use of the senses to gain information about the world and give it meaning.

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8
Q

What does social psychology do?

A

studies the ways in which human behavior is linked to culture and society.

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9
Q

What are 7 different contemporary approaches to psychology?

A

-The neurobiological approach
-The behavioral approach
-The psychodynamic approach
-The cognitive approach
-The evolutionary approach
-The humanistic approach
-The sociocultural approach

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10
Q

What does the neurobiological approach do?

A

studies the ways in which the brain, nervous system, and other body systems are involved in behavior.

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11
Q

What does the behavioral approach do?

A

studies one’s behavior and act towards certain things.

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12
Q

What does the psychodynamic approach do?

A

studies how the inner forces, conflicts, or instincts of the unconscious may affect behavior.

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13
Q

What does the cognitive approach do?

A

studies “higher processes”— such as thinking, intelligence, problem solving, reasoning, and creativity. Also how these thinking processes can be used to deal with problems or to develop a healthy personality.

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14
Q

What does the humanistic approach do?

A

asserts that we all have within us the potential to become fufilled and effective people.

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15
Q

What are the two methods of research that could be used to gather data?

A

-self reporting methods: surveys or interviews

-behavioral methods: requires the actual behavior or thought processes of a person be observed

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16
Q

What are the two ways data may be processed and analyzed?

A

-The correlational approach
-Graphs and statistical analysis

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17
Q

What are the ethical standards considered in research?

A

-Moral and ethical responsibility
-Harm avoidance
-Fairness and deception
-Confidentiality
-Animal research

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18
Q

What does the nervous system do?

A

processes information received from the body and outside environment. Afterwards it determines the bodies response to that info.

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19
Q

What does the endocrine system do?

A

houses and distributes hormones; various types of hormones for our body.

20
Q

What does the PNS do?

A

contains the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system. The PNS carries info between the organs of the body and the central nervous system.

21
Q

What does the CNS do?

A

contains the brain and the spinal cord. Information from the peripheral nervous system is conveyed, coordinated, processed, and relayed back through the peripheral nervous system with a response.

22
Q

What are the 7 neurotransmitters?

A

-acetycholine
-norephinephrine
-serotonin
-dopamine
-GABA(gamma-aminobytric acid)
-glutamate
-endorphin

23
Q

What does the left hemisphere of the brain do?

A

-controls right side of body
-controls language, speech, and reading
-plans the day; keeps us on time

24
Q

What does the right hemisphere do?

A

-controls left side of body
-identifies patterns; gets us back after a walk around the block
-controls artistic tendencies, holistic thinking abilities, and imagination

25
Q

What are the parts of the hindbrain?

A

-brain stem
-medulla
-reticular activating system
-pons
-cerebellum

26
Q

What does the brain stem do?

A

center for involuntary actions

27
Q

What does the medulla do?

A

switching station to and from the spinal cord; monitors the body’s response to injury, blood pressure, and reflexes such as sneezing and laughing

28
Q

What does the reticular activating system do?

A

watchdog for danger; involved in sleeping and wakefulness

29
Q

What does the pons do?

A

relay station between cerebellum and cerebral cortex

30
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

responsible for movement, balance, and posture

31
Q

What are the parts of the midbrain?

A

top inch of brain stem

32
Q

What does the top inch of brain stem do?

A

connects nerve signals; where pathways cross so one half of the brain controls the other half of the body.

33
Q

What are the parts of the forebrain?

A

-limbic system
-hypothalamus
-thalamus
-cerebrum

34
Q

What does the limbic system do?

A

controls emotional response; includes the amygdala and hippocampus

35
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

relays information from the body to the cerebral cortex; gets back information that it sends to other parts of the brain and spinal cord.

36
Q

What does the cerebrum do?

A

it’s divided into two hemispheres, each with four lobes covered by cerebral cortex. It’s the outermost part of the brain

37
Q

What does the frontal lobe control?

A

motor, creativity, emotional reactions

38
Q

What does the parietal lobe control?

A

body senses, position, orientation, pressure, heat, cold, pain, reading, thinking

39
Q

What does the temporal lobe control?

A

hearing, music, understanding speech, memory for nonverbal events

40
Q

What does the thyroid glands do?

A

produce energy the body can use from nutrients

41
Q

What does the parathyroid glands do?

A

controls the level of calcium in the blood

42
Q

What does the pineal body do?

A

produce the hormone melatonin, which promotes the tanning of skin and plays a part in the sleep-wake cycle

43
Q

What does the adrenal glands do?

A

Influences metabolism and physical characteristics, such as body shape and hariness; takes instruction from the nervous system, producing ephinephrine(adrenaline), in response to stress, fear, and anger

44
Q

What are the two types of color blindness?

A

partial and total

45
Q

What are the 3 types of deafness?

A

-nerve deafness: is damage caused in the inner ear

-conduction deafness: is damage caused in the middle ear

-stimulation deafness is caused to the outer ear

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