psyc 11.10.22

Question 1

what are paradigms?

Answer 1

is a particular way of looking at the world

Question 2

where do theories come from? why can’t they normally be proved?

Answer 2

• theories are based on objective observations and by conducting research to determine if those theories are true
  -they can’t really be proved because they’re ideas that can be disproven at any point

Question 3

inductive thinking

Answer 3

is coming up with a reason/conclusion based on patterns and observation

Question 4

who is karl popper?

Answer 4

a scientist who believed a theory must be tested with observations that can prove the theory false

Question 5

how can deductive thinking be used to help a person?

Answer 5

to solve problems such as a detective solving the crime

Question 6

What is the significance of scientists sharing certain attitudes about their work? Why do they want to repeat experiments done by others?

Answer 6

-to better their results
-to make sure of accuracy

Question 7

What are the 3 different bias types that can affect research results?

Answer 7

intentional, experimenter, participant

Question 8

What are the 5 different steps in the scientific approach to research?

Answer 8

ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze data, draw a conclusion

Question 9

What are the 3 steps to consider in choosing participants in research?

Answer 9

choosing diverse participants, number of participants, avoidance of participant bias

Question 10

What are the five kind of studies?

Answer 10

-longitudinal studies, cross-sectional studies, case studies, blind/double-blind studies, ab/aba studies

Question 11

What are the three different ways to gather data?

Answer 11

self-reporting, behavioural, physiological

Question 12

WHat are the different types of physiological measurements that can be done on a human?

Answer 12

GSR, EMG, EEG, PET, FMRI

Question 13

WHat is a correlation coefficent?

Answer 13

the degree of relationship or correlation between two variables is expressed in a value

Question 14

WHat is the difference between negative or positive correlation?

Answer 14

• a positive value means that as one variable increases, the other increases also
  -a negative correlation means that as the incidence of one variable goes up, the other goes down

Question 15

Why doesn’t correlation imply causation?

Answer 15

there can be a correlation but it doesn’t mean said thing is the cause

Question 16

explain what a coincidence is?

Answer 16

strange theories rather than logical ones can only prove that it isn’t a theory

Question 17

What is mean,median,mode?

Answer 17

-mean is average
-median is the midpoint
-mode is frequency

Question 18

What are the 5 ethical concerns?

Answer 18

-moral and ethical responsibility
-harm avoidance
-fairness and deception
-confidentiality
-animal research