psych ch 16 Flashcards
clinical psychologists
have PHD (5 years school, 1 yr internship) and are able to diagnose and treat all types of mental health issues
counselling psychologists
mental health professionals who work with people who need help with common problems like stress and coping, identity, sexuality, anxiety depression, etc.
psychiatrists
medical doctors specializing in mental health and are allowed to diagnose and treat mental disorders through medications
deinstitutionalization
the movement of large numbers of psychiatric inpatients from their care facilities back into society (after symptoms alleviated from meds)
residential treatment centres
housing facilities where residents receive physiological therapy and life skills training (helps get back on their feet)
community psychology
focuses on identifying how ones mental health is influenced by the community where live, creates social programs and support networks to help those
empirically supported treatments
treatments that have been tested and evaluated using scientific methods
therapeutic alliance
the relationship seen in therapy between the therapist and the patient
bibliotherapy
the use of self-help books as a form of therapy
psychodynamic therapies
forms of insight therapy that focus on the need to discover and resolve unconscious conflicts
insight therapies
general term for therapy that involves dialogue between patient and therapist for the purpose of gaining awareness and understanding of psychological problems
free association
where patients are encouraged to talk or write without censoring their thoughts
dream analysis
method of examining the details of a dream in order to gain insight into the true meaning of dream, the emotional, unconscious material that is being communicated symbolically
transference
patients direct certain patterns or emotional experiences toward the analyst, rather than the og person involved in experience
object relations therapy
a variation of psychodyamic therapy that focuses on how childhood experiences and emotional attachments affect later psychological functioning
phenomenological approach
the therapist addresses the clients feelings as they unfold in the moment, rather than looking for unconscious motives or dwelling in the past
client/person-centred therapy
focuses on ones abilities to solve their own problems and reach full potential with the encouragement of the therapist
behavioural therapies
try to directly address problem behaviours and the environmental factors that trigger them
systematic desensitization
gradual exposure to a feared stimulus or situation is coupled with relaxation training
virtual reality exposure (VRE)
a treatment that uses graphical displays to create an experience where the patient seems to be immersed in an actual environment
aversive conditioning
a behavioural technique that involves replacing a positive response to a stimulus with a negative response using punishment
-spraying a dog with water for bad behaviour
cognitive-behavourial therapy (CBT)
form of therapy tat consists of procedures like cognitive restricting, stress inoculation training and exposing people to experiences that they avoid
mindfulness-baserd cognitive therapy (MBCT)
a technique that combines mindfulness meditation with standard cognitive-behavourial therapy tools
decentring
occurs when a person is able to step back from their normal consciousness and examine themselves more objectively as an observer
systems approach
an orientation that encourages therapists to see an individuals symptoms as being influenced by many interacting systems
psychopharamacotherapy
the use of drugs to manage or reduce patients symptoms
