psych ch 11 Flashcards
self-actualization
the point where a person reaches their full potential as a creative, deep-thinking, accepting human
need to belong
the motivation to maintain relationships that involve pleasant feelings (warmth, affection, appreciation)
passionate love
associated with a physical and emotional longing for the other person (young love)
companionate love
tenderness, and affection we feel when our lives are intertwined with another person (married couples)
terror management theory
a psychological perspective asserting that the human fear of death motivates behaviours (perserving self-esteem, sense of belonging)
achievement motivation
the drive to perform at high levels and to accomplish goals — a strong force in human behvaiour
approach goal
an enjoyable incentive that a person is drawn toward (praise, money, satisfaction)
avoidance goal
an attempt to avoid an unpleasant outcome (shame, embarrassment, money loss)
self-efficacy
an individuals confidece that they can plan and execute a course of action in order to solve a problem
self-determination theory
states that ones ability to achieve their goals and attain well-being is influenced by the degree they are in control of the behaviours required to achieve those goals
extrinsic motivation (performance motive)
motivated geared toward gaining rewards or public recognition, or avoiding embarrassment
amotivational
a feeling or having little or no motivation to perform a behaviour
intrinsic motivation (mastery motive)
the process of being internally motivated to do something
amygdala
a group of nuclei in the medial portion (middle) of the temporal lobes in each hemisphere of the brain
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) has two systems:
1) sympathetic nervous system - helps recruit energy to prepare for response.
2) parasympathetic nervous system - helps preserve energy and clams you down if no response is required
James-Lange theory of emotion
suggests that our physiological reactions to stimuli (racing heart) precede the emotional experience (fear)
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
suggests that the brain interprets a situation and generates subjective emotional feelings, and these in the brain trigger responses in the body
facial feedback hypothesis
key feature in modern interpretations of the James-Lange theory
display rules
the unwritten expectations we have regarding when it is appropriate to show a certain emotion (funerals)
emotion
a behaviour with three components:
1) a subjective thought/experience with
2) accompanying patterns of neural activity and physical arousal
3) an observable behavioural expression
emotional dialects
variations across cultures in how common emotions are expressed
two-factory theory
holds the pattern of physcial arousal and the cognitive labels we attach to them form the basis of our emotional experiences
