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psych midterm 1 > psych ch 15 > Flashcards

psych ch 15 Flashcards

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1
Q

abnormal psychology

A

study of mental illness

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2
Q

maladaptive

A

behaviours that cause distress or risk of injury to oneself or others

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3
Q

medical model

A

sees psychological conditions through the same lens as western medicine tends to see physical conditions (sets of symptoms, outcomes and treatments aimed at changing physiological processes in order to alleviate symptoms)

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4
Q

psychosis

A

when one has difficulties deciphering between what is real and imagined

  • Emil Kraepelin classified physiological disorders based on their log-term outcomes
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5
Q

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

A

a standardized manual to aid in the diagnosis of disorders

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6
Q

autism spectrum disorder

A

a developmental disorder associated with poor social skills and intellectual impairments

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7
Q

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

a developmental disorder where children show inappropriate levels of hyperactivity and impulsivity with problems with attention

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8
Q

mental disorder defence

A

claims that the defendant was in such extreme state of mind when committing crime that they could not discern that the actions were legally or morally wrong

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9
Q

culture-bound syndromes

A

expressions of distress that are recognized across a given culture but tend not to appear outside of that culture

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10
Q

personality disorders

A

unusual patterns of behaviour that are maladaptive, distressing, and resistant to change

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11
Q

paranoid personality disorder (PPD)

A

individuals are consistently preoccupied by the belief that other people are attempting to harm them (react with anger)

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12
Q

schizoid personality disorder (SPD)

A

individuals are socially detached, don’t desire close relationships, including in a family, take no pleasure in most activities

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13
Q

schizotypal personality disorder

A

consists of both discomfort with close relationships and unsual thoughts and behaviours

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14
Q

borderline personality disorder (BPD)

A

intense extremes between positive ad negative emotions, unstable sense of self, impulsively, and bad social skills

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15
Q

narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)

A

inflated sense of self-importance and need for attention and admiration, a big fear of abandonment and self-doubt

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16
Q

histrionic personality disorder (HPD)

A

excessive attention seeking and dramatic behaviour

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17
Q

antisocial personality disorder (APD)

A

profound lack of empathy or emotional connection with others

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18
Q

avoidant personality disorder (AvPD)

A

individuals avoid social interactions because they feel inadequate and are deeply afraid of being rejected

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19
Q

dependant personality disorder (DPD)

A

excessive need to be taken care of, requiring assurance from others and help with everyday decision making

20
Q

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD)

A

where individuals are perfectionists and avoid spending money and are horters

21
Q

dissociative disorder

A

a category of mental disorders by a split between a person’s conscious awareness and their feelings, cognitions, memory, and identity

22
Q

dissociative identity disorder (DID) (multiple personality disorder)

A

where a person experiences a split in identity such that they feel different aspects of themselves as though they were separated from each other

23
Q

generalized anxiety disorders (GAD)

A

involves frequently elevated levels of anxiety, generally from the normal challenges and stresses of everyday life

24
Q

anxiety disorders

A

a category of disorders involving fear or nervousness that is excessive, irrational and maladaptive

25
Q

panic disorder

A

an anxiety disorder marked by occasional episodes of sudden, intense fear

26
Q

panic attacks

A

brief moments of extreme anxiety that include a rush of physical activity paired with bad thoughts

27
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of having a panic attack in public, so one may avoid public settings or isolate themself

28
Q

social anxiety disorder

A

strong fear of being judged by others or being embarrassed in public

29
Q

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

unwanted and persistant thoughts/obsessions, repetitive, ritualistic behaviours

30
Q

major depression

A

disorder marked by prolonged periods of sadness, hopelessness, social withdrawal

31
Q

disthesis-stress model

A

interaction between a genetic predisposition for a disorder and life stress

32
Q

bipolar disorder

A

extreme highs and lows in mood, motivation, and energy

33
Q

schizophrenia

A

brain disease that causes experiences in significant breaks from reality, a lack of integration of thoughts and emotions, problems with attention and memory

34
Q

prodromal phase

A

people become easily confused and have hard time organzing thoughts, lose interest from friends/family, lose normal motivations, spending time alone

35
Q

active phase

A

people experience delusional thoughts, hallucinations, not normal thoughts and behaviours

36
Q

residual phase

A

predominant symptoms have disappeared or lessened, they may be having trouble concentrating, and lack motivation

37
Q

positive symptoms

A

the presence of maladaptive behaviours (confused or paranoid thinking, inappropriate emotional reactions)

38
Q

negative symptoms

A

the absence of adaptive behaviour, lack of interacting with others in social and lack of motivation

39
Q

hallucinations

A

alterations in ones perceptions (all five senses to something that does not exist outside ones mind)

40
Q

delusions

A

beliefs that are not based on with reality

41
Q

disorganized behaviours

A

the difficulty people with schizophrenia may have completing everyday tasks

42
Q

paranoid schizophrenia

A

symptoms: delusional beliefs that one being followed or watched or belief that one has some sort of power or secret to make them special

43
Q

disorganized schizophrenia

A

symptoms: thoughts, speech, behaviours that

44
Q

catatonic schizophrenia

A

symptoms: episodes where one remains mute or immobile

45
Q

neurodevelopmental hypothesis

A

suggests that the adult manifestation of what we call “schizophrenia” is the outgrowth of disrupted neurological development early in ones life

psych midterm 1 (10 decks)

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