psych ch 15

Question 1

abnormal psychology

Answer 1

study of mental illness

Question 2

maladaptive

Answer 2

behaviours that cause distress or risk of injury to oneself or others

Question 3

medical model

Answer 3

sees psychological conditions through the same lens as western medicine tends to see physical conditions (sets of symptoms, outcomes and treatments aimed at changing physiological processes in order to alleviate symptoms)

Question 4

psychosis

Answer 4

when one has difficulties deciphering between what is real and imagined

• Emil Kraepelin classified physiological disorders based on their log-term outcomes

Question 5

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Answer 5

a standardized manual to aid in the diagnosis of disorders

Question 6

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 6

a developmental disorder associated with poor social skills and intellectual impairments

Question 7

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 7

a developmental disorder where children show inappropriate levels of hyperactivity and impulsivity with problems with attention

Question 8

mental disorder defence

Answer 8

claims that the defendant was in such extreme state of mind when committing crime that they could not discern that the actions were legally or morally wrong

Question 9

culture-bound syndromes

Answer 9

expressions of distress that are recognized across a given culture but tend not to appear outside of that culture

Question 10

personality disorders

Answer 10

unusual patterns of behaviour that are maladaptive, distressing, and resistant to change

Question 11

paranoid personality disorder (PPD)

Answer 11

individuals are consistently preoccupied by the belief that other people are attempting to harm them (react with anger)

Question 12

schizoid personality disorder (SPD)

Answer 12

individuals are socially detached, don’t desire close relationships, including in a family, take no pleasure in most activities

Question 13

schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 13

consists of both discomfort with close relationships and unsual thoughts and behaviours

Question 14

borderline personality disorder (BPD)

Answer 14

intense extremes between positive ad negative emotions, unstable sense of self, impulsively, and bad social skills

Question 15

narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)

Answer 15

inflated sense of self-importance and need for attention and admiration, a big fear of abandonment and self-doubt

Question 16

histrionic personality disorder (HPD)

Answer 16

excessive attention seeking and dramatic behaviour

Question 17

antisocial personality disorder (APD)

Answer 17

profound lack of empathy or emotional connection with others

Question 18

avoidant personality disorder (AvPD)

Answer 18

individuals avoid social interactions because they feel inadequate and are deeply afraid of being rejected

Question 19

dependant personality disorder (DPD)

Answer 19

excessive need to be taken care of, requiring assurance from others and help with everyday decision making

Question 20

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD)

Answer 20

where individuals are perfectionists and avoid spending money and are horters

Question 21

dissociative disorder

Answer 21

a category of mental disorders by a split between a person’s conscious awareness and their feelings, cognitions, memory, and identity

Question 22

dissociative identity disorder (DID) (multiple personality disorder)

Answer 22

where a person experiences a split in identity such that they feel different aspects of themselves as though they were separated from each other

Question 23

generalized anxiety disorders (GAD)

Answer 23

involves frequently elevated levels of anxiety, generally from the normal challenges and stresses of everyday life

Question 24

anxiety disorders

Answer 24

a category of disorders involving fear or nervousness that is excessive, irrational and maladaptive

Question 25

panic disorder

Answer 25

an anxiety disorder marked by occasional episodes of sudden, intense fear

Question 26

panic attacks

Answer 26

brief moments of extreme anxiety that include a rush of physical activity paired with bad thoughts

Question 27

agoraphobia

Answer 27

fear of having a panic attack in public, so one may avoid public settings or isolate themself

Question 28

social anxiety disorder

Answer 28

strong fear of being judged by others or being embarrassed in public

Question 29

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 29

unwanted and persistant thoughts/obsessions, repetitive, ritualistic behaviours

Question 30

major depression

Answer 30

disorder marked by prolonged periods of sadness, hopelessness, social withdrawal

Question 31

disthesis-stress model

Answer 31

interaction between a genetic predisposition for a disorder and life stress

Question 32

bipolar disorder

Answer 32

extreme highs and lows in mood, motivation, and energy

Question 33

schizophrenia

Answer 33

brain disease that causes experiences in significant breaks from reality, a lack of integration of thoughts and emotions, problems with attention and memory

Question 34

prodromal phase

Answer 34

people become easily confused and have hard time organzing thoughts, lose interest from friends/family, lose normal motivations, spending time alone

Question 35

active phase

Answer 35

people experience delusional thoughts, hallucinations, not normal thoughts and behaviours

Question 36

residual phase

Answer 36

predominant symptoms have disappeared or lessened, they may be having trouble concentrating, and lack motivation

Question 37

positive symptoms

Answer 37

the presence of maladaptive behaviours (confused or paranoid thinking, inappropriate emotional reactions)

Question 38

negative symptoms

Answer 38

the absence of adaptive behaviour, lack of interacting with others in social and lack of motivation

Question 39

hallucinations

Answer 39

alterations in ones perceptions (all five senses to something that does not exist outside ones mind)

Question 40

delusions

Answer 40

beliefs that are not based on with reality

Question 41

disorganized behaviours

Answer 41

the difficulty people with schizophrenia may have completing everyday tasks

Question 42

paranoid schizophrenia

Answer 42

symptoms: delusional beliefs that one being followed or watched or belief that one has some sort of power or secret to make them special

Question 43

disorganized schizophrenia

Answer 43

symptoms: thoughts, speech, behaviours that

Question 44

catatonic schizophrenia

Answer 44

symptoms: episodes where one remains mute or immobile

Question 45

neurodevelopmental hypothesis

Answer 45

suggests that the adult manifestation of what we call "schizophrenia" is the outgrowth of disrupted neurological development early in ones life