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psych Flashcards

1
Q

mx of hypomania in primary care

A

routine referral to community mental health team

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2
Q

length of symptoms to be classed as depressive episode

A

2 weeks

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3
Q

moa of benzodiazepines

A

enhance the effect of GABA

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4
Q

conversion disorder

A

loss of motor or sensory function

may be caused by stress

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5
Q

which medications can cause psychosis

A

corticosteroids

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6
Q

mx of OCD with mild, moderate and severe functional impairment

A

mild - CBT including ERP (exposure and response prevention)

moderate/severe - add an SSRI to CBT + ERP

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7
Q

ix to be considered in elderly patients with new onset psychosis

A

CT head to rule out organic cause

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8
Q

what should be co-prescribed if a person is on an SSRI and an NSAID

A

PPI due to GI bleeding risk

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9
Q

drug mx of generalised anxiety disorder

A
  1. Sertraline (SSRI)
  2. alternative SSRI (e.g. Citalopram) or SNRI (e.g. Duloxetine)
  3. Pregabalin
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10
Q

circumstantiality

A

inability to answer a questions without excessive, unnecessary detail, but the question is eventually answered

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11
Q

flight of ideas

A

leaps from one topic to another with discernible links but if asked a question they do not answer
seen in mania and bipolar

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12
Q

adverse effects of tricyclic antidepressants

A 
urinary retention leading to overflow incontinence
dry mouth
blurred vision
constipation
drowsiness
weight gain
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13
Q

paranoid personality disorder

A

patients are overly sensitive and can be unforgiving if insulted
they question the loyalty of those around them
reluctant to confide in others

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14
Q

how long should SSRIs be withdrawn over

A

gradually reduce the dose over 4 weeks

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15
Q

examples of tricyclic antidepressants

A

Amitriptyline
Clomipramine
Imipramine

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16
Q

moa of Venlafaxine

A

serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

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17
Q

adverse effects of mirtazapine

A 
appetite increase (and subsequent weight gain)
drowsiness
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18
Q

Knight’s move vs flight of ideas

A

Knight’s move - no links between ideas

flight of ideas - links between ideas

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19
Q

what metabolic disorders can long-term lithium use cause

A

hyperparathyroidism and resultant hypercalcaemia

‘stones, bones, groans, moans’

20
Q

Munchausen’s syndrome

A

purposefully causing symptoms

21
Q

adverse effects of ECT

A

headache and nausea
short-term memory impairment + retrograde amnesia of events prior to ECT
cardiac arrhythmias

22
Q

main 3 features of PTSD

A

re-experiencing, e.g. flashbacks
avoidance
hyperarousal

23
Q

how long should patients remain on SSRIs even if their symptoms get better

A

at least 6 months following remission

24
Q

core symptoms of depression

A

low mood

anhedonia

25
Q

substance disorder mx: which medication is a ‘deterrent’ that cannot be taken with alcohol (causes violent vomiting)

A

Disulfiram

26
Q

substance disorder mx: which medication is an ‘anti-craving’ medication that is safe in combination with alcohol

A

Acamprosate

27
Q

bilateral resting tremor on antipsychotics

A

Parkinsonism

28
Q

SSRI for children and adolescents

A

Fluoxetine

29
Q

mx of tardive dyskinesia from antipsychotics

A

Tetrabenazine

both begin w T

30
Q

mx of acute dystonia from antipsychotics

A

procyclidine and benztropine

31
Q

adverse effects of SSRIs

A 
SSSS:
stomach upset
sexual dysfunction
sodium low
serotonin syndrome
32
Q

mx of acute stress disorder

A

CBT

benzodiazepines can be used for acute symptoms

33
Q

what should be monitored when prescribing SNRIs?

A

BP

34
Q

what should be monitored when prescribing citalopram

A

ECG

35
Q

what should be monitored when prescribing SSRI

A

U&Es

36
Q

SSRI risks during pregnancy

A

first trimester - small increased risk of congenital heart defects
third trimester - persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn

37
Q

mx of anorexia nervosa in young people

A
  1. anorexia focused family therapy

2. CBT

38
Q

what do antipsychotics in the elderly increase risk of

A

stroke and VTE

39
Q

when do acute dystonia and tardive dyskinesia present

A

acute dystonia - in first few days/weeks of taking antipsychotics
tardive dyskinesia - after many years

40
Q

mx of neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

stop antipsychotic
IV fluids
Dantrolene and Bromocriptine can be used

41
Q

which antidepressants can lead to ‘tyramine cheese reaction’

A

MAOI , e.g. Phenelzine

42
Q

features of anorexia

A

most things low

G’s and C’s high - growth hormone, glucose, glands (salivary), cortisol, cholesterol

43
Q

adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

weight gain
hyperprolactinaemia
clozapine - agranulocytosis and reduced seizure threshold

44
Q

mx of schizophrenia

A

atypical antipsychotics

CBT

45
Q

mx of delirium tremens

A

long-acting benzodiazepines, e.g. chlordiazepoxide or diazepam

finals (25 decks)

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