Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

finals > ophthalmology > Flashcards

ophthalmology Flashcards

1
Q

risk factors for vitreous haemorrhage

A

diabetes
anticoagulants
bleeding disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

presentation of vitreous haemorrhage

A

painless sudden loss of vision
dark spots in vision may also occur
red hue in vision
absent red reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

features of acute angle closure glaucoma

A 
severe pain
decreased visual acuity
symptoms worse with mydriasis
haloes around lights
semi-dilated non-reacting pupils
hazy cornea
systemic upset
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

features of optic neuritis

A 
CRAP:
Central scotoma
RAPD
Acuity deteriorates over hrs/days
Pain on movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

treatment for herpes simplex keratitis

A

topical aciclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

features of central retinal vein occlusion

A

sudden painless loss of vision

severe retinal haemorrhages on fundoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

features of central retinal artery occlusion

A

sudden painless loss of vision (‘descending curtain’)
RAPD
pale retina with cherry-red spot on fundoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is the site of the lesion identified in Horner’s syndrome

A

location of anhydrosis
head, arm and trunk = central lesion such as stroke
just face = pre-ganglionic lesion, e.g. Pancoast’s
no anhydrosis = post-ganglionic lesion, e.g. carotid dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mx of acute angle closure glaucoma

A

IV acetazolamide + combination of eye drops

e.g. Pilocarpine (direct parasympathomimetic), Timolol (beta-blocker), Apraclonidine (alpha-2 agnoist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

causes of cataracts

A 
normal ageing
hypocalcaemia
diabetes
long-term steroid use
smoking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

risk factors for primary open angle glaucoma

A 
genetics
black patients
myopia
HTN
diabetes
corticosteroids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

moa of beta blockers in primary open-angle glaucoma

A

reduce aqueous production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

moa of prostaglandin analogues in primary open-angle glaucoma

A

increase aqueous outflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

moa of sympathomimetics in primary open-angle glaucoma

A

reduce aqueous secretion and increase aqueous outflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mydriasis

A

pupillary dilatation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

miosis

A

pupillary constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypermetropia

A

long-sightedness

18
Q

myopia

A

short-sightedness

19
Q

ix of newborn with infective conjunctivitis

A

take urgent swabs for microbiological investigation

20
Q

grading of hypertensive retinopathy

A 
SAFE
Silver wiring
AV nipping
Flame haemorrhages
Edema (papilloedema)
21
Q

causes of papilloedema

A 
space occupying lesion
malignant HTN
idiopathic intracranial HTN
hydrocephalus
hypercapnia
22
Q

ix for age related macular degeneration

A

slit-lamp microscopy
fluorescein angiography
tomography

23
Q

mx of herpes zoster ophthalmicus

A 
oral antivirals (Aciclovir)
no role for topical treatments
24
Q

features of pre-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

A

microaneurysms
blot haemorrhages
cotton wool spots
venous beading

25
Q

mx of blepharitis

A

hot compresses

mechanical removal of debris from lid margins

26
Q

mx of anterior uveitis

A

urgent ophthalmology review

steroid eye drops + cycloplegics

27
Q

moa of lantoprost

A

increases uveoscleral outflow

28
Q

mx of shingles with Hutchinson’s sign

A

need urgent ophthalmology review

29
Q

which macular degeneration is drusen seen in

A

Dry = Drusen

30
Q

painless red eye following intraocular surgery

A

endophthalmitis

31
Q

hypermetropia (long-sightedness) which glaucoma

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

32
Q

myopia (short-sightedness) which glaucoma

A

primary open-angle glaucoma

33
Q

features of internuclear ophthalmoplegia

A

impaired adduction of eye on same side as lesion

horizontal nystagmus of eye on opposite side as lesion

34
Q

features of posterior vitreous detachment

A

sudden appearance of floaters
flashes of light in vision
blurred vision

35
Q

features of viral conjunctivitis

A

serous discharge
recent URTI
preauricular lymphadenopathy

36
Q

features of amaurosis fugax

A

transient and painless loss of vision

can have other vascular risks factors

37
Q

which condition has red desaturation

A

optic neuritis

38
Q

ophthalmology side effect of hydroxychloriquine

A

retinopathy

39
Q

which part of optic pathway is affected if a person has homonymous hemianopia w macula sparing

A

occipital cortex

40
Q

which part of optic pathway is affected if a person has bitemporal hemianopia

A

optic chasm due to pituitary tumour

finals (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions