infection Flashcards
genital herpes vs genital warts
herpes - ulcerated and painful
warts - fleshy and protruding
mx of genital warts
multiple: topical podophyllum
single: cryotherapy
travellers’ diarrhoea: what points to Giardiasis over E.coli
nature of symptoms - bloating and watery diarrhoea
length of illness - Giardiasis has an incubation period of >7 days; E. coli is 12-48 h
features of Chlamydia
women: cervicitis (discharge, bleeding), dysuria
men: urethral discharge, dysuria
more common than Gonorrhoea
mx of Chlamydia
7 days Doxycycline
HIV with CD4<200
provide prophylaxis against PJP - Co-Trimoxazole
which infections is a person susceptible to following splenectomy
Haemophilus influenzae
Meningococcus
HIV + homogenous enhancing lesion on CT
primary CNS lymphoma
HIV + ring enhancing lesion on CT
toxoplasmosis
motile trophozoites on vaginal swab
Trichomonas vaginalis
mx of Gonorrhoea
IM Ceftriaxone
Oral Cefixime + oral Azithromycin if patient refuses Ceftriaxone
pelvic inflammatory disease mx
DMC
Doxycycline + Metronidazole + Ceftriaxone
features of typhoid (Salmonella typhi)
abdo pain and distension
constipation
rose spots
relative bradycardia
common causative organism of chronic wound infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
especially if patients have any degree of immunosuppression
adverse effects of Trimethoprim
myelosuppression
tubular dysfunction leading to hyperkalaemia and increased serum creatinine
Chancroid vs genital herpes
Chancroid - single painful deep ulcer with painful lymphadenopathy
genital herpes - multiple painful ulcers with painful lymphadenopathy
UTI in pregnancy mx
treat even if asymptomatic
avoid Trimethoprim - use Nitrofurantoin
avoid Nitrofurantoin if near term - use Amoxicillin or Cefalexin
mx of Chlamydia in pregnancy
Azithromycin or Erythromycin or Amoxicillin
CSF findings in meningitis: bacterial vs viral vs TB
bacterial and TB have low glucose and high protein
viral has high glucose and normal/raised protein
TB has raised lymphocytes (30-300)
most common organism found in central line infections
Staph epidermidis
mx of Legionella pneumonia
Clarithromycin
ix for genital herpes
NAAT (nucleic acid amplification tests)
complications of gonorrhoea
urethral strictures, epididymitis, salpingitis (hence infertility)
disseminated infection
mx of infective exacerbation of COPD
Amoxicillin or Doxycycline or Clarithromycin
mx of cellulitis
Flucloxacillin
If penicillin allergic - Clarithromycin, Erythromycin (best for pregnancy) or Doxycycline
HIV + non-enhancing lesions on CT
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy due to JC virus
causative organism of meningitis that stains with India ink
Cryptococcus neoformans
which causative organisms of gastroenteritis have shortest incubation periods?
Staph aureus
Bacillus cereus
mx for MRSA infections
Vancomycin or Teicoplanin or Linezolid
mx for sinusitis if ABX are indicated
phenoxymethylpenicillin
mx of genital herpes in pregnancy
oral aciclovir
elective C-section if >28 weeks gestation
when is PipTaz used for pneumonia?
hospital acquired pneumonia acquired >5 days after admission
features of hep A
flu-like symptoms
RUQ pain
tender hepatomegaly
cholestatic LFTs
pneumonia that desaturates on exertion
PJP
most common causative organism of pyelonephritis
E. coli
baseline tests needed before starting anti-TB medications
U&Es
LFTs
Vision testing
FBC
genital warts: syphilis vs herpes
Symphysis is silent - no pain
Herpes is heard - pain
ABX used for prophylaxis for contacts of meningococcal meningitis
Ciprofloxacin or Rifampicin
mx of asymptomatic bacteruria in pregnant woman
urine culture at first antenatal visit
immediate 7 days ABX - Nitrofurantoin (avoid at term), Amoxicillin or Cefalexin
urine culture as test of cure
features of lymphogranuloma venereum
painless ulcer
painful lymphadenopathy
most common causative organism of tonsillitis
Streptococcus pyogenes
features of infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)
sore throat, pyrexia and lymphadenopathy - classic triad
palatal petechiae
splenomegaly
live attenuated vaccines
MOOBY
MMR Oral typhoid Oral polio BCG Yellow fever
features of cholera
diarrhoea (‘rice’ water)
hypoglycaemia
dehydration
mx of contacts of confirmed Chlamydia cases
offer treatment prior to results of investigations
what can happen if a child with sickle cell is infected with Parvovirus B19
aplastic anaemia with low reticulocyte count
mx of toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients
immunocompetent - no treatment
immunosuppressed - pyrimethamine and sulphadiazine
mx of prostatitis
14 days Ciprofloxacin BD