PSYC 492 UNIT 3 - Cerebrovascular Disease Flashcards
What is cerebrovascular disease?
blockage in blood supply or bleeding in the brain
3.28.24 ADHDpart2 and Cerebrovascular Disease
What kind of damage can cerebrovascular disease and associated impairment of blood supply cause?
- decreases oxygenation
- bleeding may lead to increased intracranial pressure
- toxins in blood might interfere with brain metabolism
List 5 examples of cerebrovascular disease.
- stroke
- carotid stenosis
- vertebral and intracranial stenosis
- aneurysms
- vascular malformations
What is a stroke?
injury to the brain caused by blockage or bleeding
Typically, strokes are ———— but multiple strokes or major stroke can ———–.
localized; affect the entire brain
The ———- of a stroke reflects damage.
clinical presentation
What are the common warning signs of stroke?
B - Balance (stumbling, coordination is awry)
E - Eyes (vision changes)
F - Face (facial droop)
A - Arms (weakness in arms)
S - Speech (slurred)
T - Time (call 911 ASAP!)
Why is the “time” in BEFAST so important?
if a person is having a stroke, the longer they go without treatment, the more damage that happens
What are some differences in stroke symptoms for women?
Women may experience additional symptoms like:
- general weakness
- disorientation/confusion/memory
- fatigue
- nausea or vomiting
How many people in the US have a stroke per year? How many of these are new cases? How many people have had a previous stroke?
over 795000
new: 619000
have had previous stroke: 1/4
Every —- , someone has a stroke.
Every ——-, someone dies of a stroke.
In our 75min class, how many people will have died from stroke?
- 40 seconds
- 3.5 minutes
- 21 people
Stroke is the —– leading cause of death in the US.
3rd
T/F
Stroke only occurs in older people.
False, strokes can occur at any age. 38% are less than 65yo
Who is at greatest risk for having a stroke (ethnicity and gender)?
Black Americans are 2x more likely to have a stroke thank White Americans.
Black Americans have the highest rate of death due to stroke.
Stroke is more common in men than women.
What physical health factors put people at a higher risk for stroke?
6
- high blood pressure
- high cholesterol
- smoking
- obesity/physical inactivity
- diabetes
- prior heart attack/stroke
While genetics play into the physical health risk factors for stroke, we also need to consider how ——————/—————— affect physical health.
socioeconomic/social determinants
What are the two primary types of stroke?
Hemorrhagic and ischemic
What are the 3 types of ischemic stroke?
- thrombotic
- embolic
- transient ischemic attack (TIA)
What is an ischemic stroke?
the death of neural tissue due to inadequate blood supply (obstruction of blood circulation)
T/F
Hemorrhagic strokes account for the majority of strokes.
False, ischemic strokes are more common
Thrombosis often affects which artery?
left middle cerebral artery, but arteries of all sizes are affected
A(n) ———- stroke is more likely to affect anterior areas.
embolic stroke
What is the main difference between a thrombotic stroke and embolic stroke?
thrombotic stroke: buildup (thrombosis) that obstructs blood circulation and blocks off the ability for red blood cells to flow freely through blood vessels
embolic stroke: an embolus breaks off from buildup in a blood vessel, then floats through the blood stream, blocking blood flow in a different place in the body
A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a(n) ——–, ———- neurological deficit, ———– loss of function (order of minutes) from ——– blockage of blood flow to the brain.
A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a(n) -acute, focal neurological deficit causing transient loss of function (order of minutes) from temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain.
