PSYC*3270 Week 12 Flashcards
What is the principal method of human communication?
Language
What are three modes of language?
- Auditory (speech)
- Visual (writing, sign)
- Somatosensory (gesture, braille, sign)
What are two things that effect readability?
- Letter order
- Context
Where in the word did jumbled letters most effect readability?
The beginning
Where in the word did jumbled letters effect readability the least?
The middle
Which three of the four lobes are primarily involved in language?
- Temporal
- Occipital
- Parietal
Is Broca’s area involved in speech production or comprehension?
Production
Is Wernike’s area involved in speech production or comprehension?
Comprehension
What is the left perisylvian language network crucial for?
Deriving meaning from language
Which hemisphere plays the larger role in language?
The left hemisphere
What is the right temporal sulcus said to be involved in?
Prosody
What is aphasia?
A deficit in language comprehension or production
What is anomia?
Difficulty finding words
What is dysarthria?
Difficulty controlling the muscles used in speech, resulting in poor speech articulation
What is apraxia?
Impairment of motor planning and programming of speech articulation
The integration of spoken language involves what two regions?
- Broca’s area
- Wernicke’s area
In which lobe is Broca’s area located?
The frontal lobe
In which lobe is Wernicke’s area located?
The temporal lobe
Does damage to Broca’s area cause receptive or expressive aphasia?
Expressive
Does damage to Wernicke’s area cause receptive or expressive aphasia?
Receptive
Do individuals with expressive or receptive aphasia struggle to produce language?
Expressive
Do individuals with expressive or receptive aphasia produce “word salads”?
Receptive
Do individuals with expressive or receptive aphasia struggle to understand language?
Receptive
When speaking a written word, what is the neural pathway?
- Visual cortex
- Wernicke’s area
- Broca’s area
- Motor cortex
When repeating a heard word, what is the neural pathway?
- Auditory cortex
- Wernicke’s area
- Broca’s area
- Motor cortex
What term refers to the mental storage of semantic, syntactic, and other patterns of words?
The mental lexicon
What is the phonological form of a word?
The sound-based form of a word in spoken language
What is the orthographic form of a word?
The vision-based form of a word in written language
What is a morpheme?
The smallest unit of meaning being represented
What is a phoneme?
The smallest unit of sound that carries meaning
What is a grapheme?
The smallest unit of witting that makes a difference to meaning
What are the three general functions of the mental lexicon?
- Lexical access
- Lexical selection
- Lexical integration
What is lexical access?
Process by which perceptual inputs activate information about a word in the metal lexicon
What is lexical selection?
Process by which the representation of the activated word that best matches the sensory input is selected
What is lexical integration?
Process by which words are integrated to create a whole message
According to Peter Hagard, what are the three functional components of language comprehension?
- Memory
- Unification
- Control
What term refers to the integration of lexically retrieved phonological, semantic, and syntactic information into a unified whole?
Unification
Can unification be both sequential and parallel?
Yes
What is coarticulation?
The articulation of two or more speech sounds together, where one influences the other
T or F: Sign languages are natural, full-fledged languages.
True
With the visual-manual modality of language (sign), speech production activates the superior parietal lobule, the supramarginal gyrus, and what other brain structure?
The cerebellum
With the visual-manual modality of language (sign), speech comprehension activates the superior parietal lobule, the supramarginal gyrus, and what other brain structure?
The occipital lobe
