PSYC*3270 Week 10 Flashcards
Is top-down attention voluntary or relfexive?
Voluntary
Is top-down attention goal-directed or stimulus-directed?
Goal-directed
Is top-down attention overt/endogenous or covert/exogenous?
Overt/endogenous
Is bottom-up attention voluntary or reflexive?
Reflexive
Is bottom-up attention goal-directed or stimulus-directed?
Stimulus-driven
Can selective attention be strengthened?
Yes
What is selective attention?
The ability to select and attend to relevant stimuli, while ignoring irrelevant stimuli
T or F: Attention involves the ventral stream of attention, not the dorsal stream.
False. Involves both.
The posterior parietal area is important for which aspect of attention?
Orienting a person in time and space
The superior frontal cortex is important for which aspect of attention?
Maintaining vigilance in the environment
The ventral prefrontal area is important for which aspect of attention?
Top-down processing and orienting attention
The superior colliculus is important for which aspect of attention?
Shifting attention towards external cues
The pulvinar of the thalamus is important for which type of attention?
Reflexive attention
The temporoparietal junction is important for which aspect of attention?
Reorienting attention
Do individuals with ADHD show decreased white matter or grey matter in structural MRI studies?
White matter
Bilateral damage to the posterior parietal and occipital cortices cause which disorder of attention?
Balint’s Syndrome
Simultagnosia, optic ataxia, and oculomotor apraxia are characteristic of which disorder of attention?
Balint’s Syndrome
What is simultagnosia?
The inability to recognize more than a small selection of objects at once
What is optic ataxia?
Difficulty locating objects in space
What is oculomotor apraxia?
Impairments in voluntary eye movements
What is neglect?
Impaired ability to recognize objects or events in the hemisphere opposite to the lesion
Damage to which brain area is most closely related to neglect?
Right parietal cortex
What is the cocktail party effect?
The ability to give covert attention to one stimuli while maintaining overt attention to another
What is the bottleneck in information processing?
A stage where not all inputs can gain access or pass through
Does distracted driving cause a shift from the posterior attention system to the anterior attention system, or from the anterior to posterior?
Posterior to anterior
Is the posterior occipital-parietal attentional system involved in automatic and practiced visuospatial abilities or multitasking and divided attention?
Automatic and practiced visuospatial abilities
Are the anterior cingulate and frontal lobe involved in automatic and practiced visuospatial abilities or multitasking and divided attention?
Multitasking and divided attention
What is it called when someone overtly attends a stimulus but doesn’t process the information?
Inattentional blindness
What effect does the automatic orienting system have on attention?
After covert attention causes a change in attention, there is an inhibitory after effect, making the same stimulus less likely to capture arrention is the near future
T or F: If a stimulus is salient and relevant, voluntary attentional mechanisms can be engaged to rapidly override the inhibition of reflexive return.
True
What does the feature integration theory suggest?
That the visual system can parallelly process multiple features when being attended to.
T or F: There is limited evidence for object based attention.
False
Does the dorsal attention network reflect goal-directed or stimulus directed attention?
Goal-directed
Does the ventral attentional network reflect goal-directed or stimulus directed attention?
Stimulus-directed
Is the ventral attentional network lateralized to the right or left hemisphere?
Right
T or F: The dorsal attention network is lateralized to the left hemisphere.
False. It’s bilateral.
