PSYC*2650 Chapter 11: Visual Knowledge Flashcards
What is self-report data?
A form of evidence in which a person is asked directly about their own thoughts or experiences
What type of data did Francis Galton use to study people’s “mind’s eye”/capacity for visual imagery?
Self-report data
What do chronometric studies of imagery measure?
The amount of time a task takes
T or F: Imagery researchers rarely ask participants to do something with their mental images, instead they are asked to describe them.
False. Other way around.
What are respond characteristics?
Cues within an experiment that signal to participants how they’re “supposed to” respond
What occurs during an image-scanning procedure?
Participants are instructed to form a specific mental image, then are asked to scan, with their “mind’s eye,” from one point in the image to another
T or F: In an image-scanning procedure, participants scan across images at a constant rate.
True
What occurs during a mental rotation task?
Participants must determine whether a shape differs from the target only in its position and orientation, or if the shape is of a different form than the target
Does the amount of time needed to perform the mental rotation task correspond to the amount of rotations actually needed to line up the shape with its target?
Yes
What is the difference between a picture-plane rotation and a depth rotation?
- Picture plane rotation: Rotations that leave the picture on the 2D plane in which they are drawn
- Depth rotation: Rotations that involve spinning the image around a vertical axis (lifting it off the page)
Why can visualizing and perceiving be used to prime each other?
Because they draw on similar brain mechanisms
Are people able to visualize and perceive simultaneously?
No
In which brain area is activation high both when visualizing and actually seeing a stimulus/
Occipital cortex
What is area V1?
The brain area where axons from the visual system first reach the occipital cortex
T or F: Disrupting area V1 using transcranial magnetic stimulation causes problem in vision, but not visual imagery.
False. Causes problems in both.
T or F: Patients with Unilateral neglect syndrome show the same pattern of neglect when seeing and imagining.
True
T or F: Blind people seem to have normal imagery.
True
How does mental imagery differ between people with vision and people who are blind?
Blind people use spacial imagery to perform mental imagery rather than visual imagery
Does damage to brain areas involved in visual imagery cause parallel disruptions in spatial imagery?
No
How does mental imagery affect “non-imager’s” autobiographical memory?
They are less likely to feel as if they can “relive” their memories
What is aphantasia?
The inability to create or visualize mental pictures
What occurs during a mental-folding task?
Participants are shown six connected squared, two of which have arrows on them, and are asked to determine whether, when folded into a cube, if the arrows would line up with each other
T or F: People successful in the mental folding task are more skilled in tasks like mental rotation.
False. Skill in one is not indicative of skill in the other.
Mental rotation relies more heavily on mechanisms in which hemisphere?
The right-hemisphere
