PSY2001 W3 PT1 Intention Behaviour Gap - L Flashcards
Is behaviour determined by intentions?
No
Why intentions may not translate into behaviour?
Intentions are not viable, activated or sufficiently elaborated
Attitudes are _ predictor of behaviour ?
Relatively poor
The effect of attitudes on behaviour is mediated by _ ?
Intentions – theory of planned behaviour.
What to behavioural intentions capture?
the motivational factors that influence a behaviour
Behavioural intentions are assumed to indicate?
How hard people are willing to try or how how much effort they would exert to perform a behaviour
What did Sheppard et al. 1988 found ?
Meta-analysis 87 studies 12,000 participants
r+=.53 relationship between intentions and behaviour
What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?
Armitage and Conner (2001)
r+=.47 (used theory of planned behaviour)
What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?
Milne, sheeran and orbell (2000)
r+= .40 (protection motivation theory)
What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?
Hausenblas, Caron and Mack (1997)
r+= .47 (theory of planned behaviour to predict exercise)
What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?
Sheeran, Abraham and Orbell (1999)
r+= .46 (relation between intentions and condom use)
What do experimental studies arond behvaiour and intention focus on ?
Manipulate intentions and follow-up on behaviour.
To what extent do changes in intention lead to changes in bhevaiour?
What did Brubaker and Fowler 1990 measured?
Measured the intentions and then asked a mon th later if they did so with 2 types of messages (TPB and information message) > both lead to strong intention and 71% of men after the study did performe
How does the (experimental) design of Brubaker and Fowler’s (1990) study rule out the difficulties associated with correlational studies?
Past Behaviour
What did Webb and Sheeran do (2006)
Reiew of experimental studies
What did the review include?
Inclusion criteria (Webb & Sheeran, 2006)
Random assignment of particiapnts to interventin and comparison group (control or no intervention.
Intervention must produce a significant difference in intention between the treatment and control group.
A measure of behaviour must be taken after intention measure.
What were the results for the important health behaviours?
(Webb & Sheeran, 2006)
Contraception (K=13), Sunscreen use (K=7) smoking (K=4)
What were the varied theories used?
(Webb & Sheeran, 2006)
Theory of Planned Behavior (k = 18), Social Cognitive Theory (k = 13), Protection Motivation Theory (k = 11), The Health Belief Model (k = 8)
What did they find?
(Webb & Sheeran, 2006)
Small effect size on behaviour. Intention does not always influence behaviour.
d+= 0.65 (effect on intentions)
d+= 0.35 (effect on behaviour)
Why do people fail to act on their intentions?
Sheeran, Milne, Webb, and Gollwitzer (2005)
- Intention viability
- Intention activation
- Intention elaboration
What does intention viability mean?
Sheeran, Milne, Webb and Gollwitzer 2005
It is impossible for some decisions to find expression in the absence of particular abilities, resources, or opportunities.
What is intention activation?
Sheeran, Milne, Webb and Gollwitzer (2005)
The extent to which contextual demands alter the salience, direction, or intensity of a focal intention relative to other intention
What is intention elaboration?
Sheeran, Milne, Webb and Gollwitzer (2005)
People fail to elaborate in sufficient detail how to go about performing the intended action
