PSY2001 W3 PT1 Intention Behaviour Gap - L

Question 1

Is behaviour determined by intentions?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

Why intentions may not translate into behaviour?

Answer 2

Intentions are not viable, activated or sufficiently elaborated

Question 3

Attitudes are _ predictor of behaviour ?

Answer 3

Relatively poor

Question 4

The effect of attitudes on behaviour is mediated by _ ?

Answer 4

Intentions – theory of planned behaviour.

Question 5

What to behavioural intentions capture?

Answer 5

the motivational factors that influence a behaviour

Question 6

Behavioural intentions are assumed to indicate?

Answer 6

How hard people are willing to try or how how much effort they would exert to perform a behaviour

Question 7

What did Sheppard et al. 1988 found ?

Meta-analysis 87 studies 12,000 participants

Answer 7

r+=.53 relationship between intentions and behaviour

Question 8

What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?

Armitage and Conner (2001)

Answer 8

r+=.47 (used theory of planned behaviour)

Question 9

What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?

Milne, sheeran and orbell (2000)

Answer 9

r+= .40 (protection motivation theory)

Question 10

What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?

Hausenblas, Caron and Mack (1997)

Answer 10

r+= .47 (theory of planned behaviour to predict exercise)

Question 11

What correlational evidence on the relationship between intentions and behaviour was found?

Sheeran, Abraham and Orbell (1999)

Answer 11

r+= .46 (relation between intentions and condom use)

Question 12

What do experimental studies arond behvaiour and intention focus on ?

Answer 12

Manipulate intentions and follow-up on behaviour.
To what extent do changes in intention lead to changes in bhevaiour?

Question 13

What did Brubaker and Fowler 1990 measured?

Answer 13

Measured the intentions and then asked a mon th later if they did so with 2 types of messages (TPB and information message) > both lead to strong intention and 71% of men after the study did performe

Question 14

How does the (experimental) design of Brubaker and Fowler’s (1990) study rule out the difficulties associated with correlational studies?

Answer 14

Past Behaviour

Question 15

What did Webb and Sheeran do (2006)

Answer 15

Reiew of experimental studies

Question 16

What did the review include?

Inclusion criteria (Webb & Sheeran, 2006)

Answer 16

Random assignment of particiapnts to interventin and comparison group (control or no intervention.
Intervention must produce a significant difference in intention between the treatment and control group.
A measure of behaviour must be taken after intention measure.

Question 17

What were the results for the important health behaviours?

(Webb & Sheeran, 2006)

Answer 17

Contraception (K=13), Sunscreen use (K=7) smoking (K=4)

Question 18

What were the varied theories used?

(Webb & Sheeran, 2006)

Answer 18

Theory of Planned Behavior (k = 18), Social Cognitive Theory (k = 13), Protection Motivation Theory (k = 11), The Health Belief Model (k = 8)

Question 19

What did they find?

(Webb & Sheeran, 2006)

Answer 19

Small effect size on behaviour. Intention does not always influence behaviour.
d+= 0.65 (effect on intentions)
d+= 0.35 (effect on behaviour)

Question 20

Why do people fail to act on their intentions?

Sheeran, Milne, Webb, and Gollwitzer (2005)

Answer 20

• Intention viability
• Intention activation
• Intention elaboration

Question 21

What does intention viability mean?

Sheeran, Milne, Webb and Gollwitzer 2005

Answer 21

It is impossible for some decisions to find expression in the absence of particular abilities, resources, or opportunities.

Question 22

What is intention activation?

Sheeran, Milne, Webb and Gollwitzer (2005)

Answer 22

The extent to which contextual demands alter the salience, direction, or intensity of a focal intention relative to other intention

Question 23

What is intention elaboration?

Sheeran, Milne, Webb and Gollwitzer (2005)

Answer 23

People fail to elaborate in sufficient detail how to go about performing the intended action