PSY101 -Chapter 10: Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Question 2

Intelligence Test

Answer 2

A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

Question 3

General Intelligence (g)

Answer 3

A general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Question 4

Factor Analysis

Answer 4

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

Question 5

Savant Syndrome

Answer 5

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

Question 6

Key Components of Creativity

Answer 6

1. Expertise
2. Imaginative thinking skills
3. A venturesome personality
4. Intrinsic motivation
5. Creative environment

Question 7

Relationship Between Creativity and Intelligence

Answer 7

• • > 120 IQ is evidence for creativity in a person.
• • Left parietal lobe supports convergent thinking: intelligence tests, requiring a single correct answer.
• • Certain areas of the frontal lobe support divergent thinking: creativity and imagination, How many uses for a brick can you think of?

Question 8

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 8

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

• -Perceiving emotions (on faces, in music and stories)
• -Understanding emotions (predict them+changes+blends)
• -Managing…(know how to express them in varied situations)
• -Using…(enable adaptive or creative thinking).

Question 9

Mental Age

Answer 9

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus,a child who does as well as the average 8yo is said to have a mental age of 8.

Question 10

Stanford-Binet

Answer 10

The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test.

Question 11

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Answer 11

Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca). The average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
– IQ=ma/ca x 100

Question 12

Achievement Test

Answer 12

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

Question 13

Aptitude Test

Answer 13

A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

Question 14

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

Answer 14

The WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

Question 15

Standardization

Answer 15

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

Question 16

Normal Curve

Answer 16

The symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.

Question 17

Reliability

Answer 17

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting.

Question 18

Validity

Answer 18

The extent to which a tes measure or predicts what it is supposed to.

Question 19

Content Validity

Answer 19

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

Question 20

Predictive Validity

Answer 20

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

Question 21

Intellectual Disability

Answer 21

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound. (formerly mental retardation).

Question 22

Stereotype Threat

Answer 22

A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.