PSY1001 SEMESTER 2 - WEEK 8 Flashcards

1
Q

describe positive psychology movement

A

focus on positive experience (happiness, optimism), positive states/trait (gratitude, resilience)

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2
Q

define self compassion

A

healthy way to respond to self during times of suffering

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3
Q

whats Gilberts theory of self-compassion (based on social mentality theory)

A

bio approach and compassionate mind develops from “caregiving motivation”, guided by 2 important brain-based systems:
1. parasympathetic safeness system = elicits thought, feeling, behaviour promoting positive relationships with others and self
2. sympathetic threat = prompts thought, feeling, behaviour to reduce threat

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4
Q

how is Gilbert’s theory measured

A

FSCRS (form or self-criticising/attacking and self-reassuring scale)
24 item, measure amount individual utilise systems during struggles

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5
Q

give an overview of Neff’s self-compassion theory

A

healthy way to respond to self in time of difficulty, balancing compassionate/non self-responding, involving holding emot or cog pain in mindfulness awareness than avoiding, kind and understanding to self than judgmental and see imperfections as part of shared common humanity (not isolating)
breaking down self-compassion into 6 components
self-kindness vs self-judgement
overidentification vs mindfulness
isolation vs common humanity

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6
Q

explain self-kindness, vs self-judgement as a part of Neff self-compassion theory

A

self-kindness: responding to all actions, thoughts, feelings, impulse during times of difficulty with understanding, warmth patience
self-judgement: hostile, critical, demeaning self-reaction influences further pain

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7
Q

explain overidentification, vs mindfulness as a part of Neff self-compassion theory

A

overidentification: ruminate on ones limitations, painful experiences and over-identify as part of self, and unable to see present moment as it is
mindfulness: non-judgemental mind state, requiring alternative, balanced, accepting perspective of experiences

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8
Q

explain isolation, vs common humanity as a part of Neff self-compassion theory

A

isolation: feeling alone in suffering, failure and inadequacy
common humanity: persons ability to recognise shared imperfections, weaknesses, sorrow, confusion, struggles that all humans experience

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9
Q

what does high over-idenfication, low mindful cause

A

failure, shortcomings get magnified

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10
Q

how is trait/state as part of Neff self-compassion theory measured

A

trait self-compassion scale (26items) measure how people typically respond to self during difficult time, stable over time, assessing 6 main components on Likerts
state self-compassion scale (18items) for experimental research, see if one event influences self compassion

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11
Q

explain why self-compassion is NOT self-estseem

A

being self-aware to support self achieving goals, building resilience but does not include comparison to other
self-esteem is evaluative component of self concept via comparison to others, change over time, subjective self appraisal is intrinsically positive/negative, is reactive to situations

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12
Q

why is self-compassion important

A

build resilience and coping skills for good mental health, emotional regulation, acceptance, level of self criticism
cross-sectional, observational research shows higher SC showed increased wellbeing, low SC increases depression, anxiety, stress

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13
Q

at what time can self-compassion be important

A

times of academic, occupational failure, social rejection, negative relationships, criticism or stigma from others

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14
Q

what maladaptive emotional regulation strategies can self-compassion inhibit

A

experimental avoidance, escape of unwanted experiences, thought suppression, rumination

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15
Q

name compassion based therapies

A

MSC (mindful self compassion) - includes Gestalt chair, meditation
CFT (compassion focused therapy)
CCT (compassion cultivation training)
CEB (cultivating emotional balance)
ACT
LKM (loving kindness meditation)
MCBT
MBST (mindfulness based supportive therapy)

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16
Q

what is mindful self-compassion programme (MSC) include

A

8 weeks, psychoeducation, meditation, writing, group exercises to increase SC, satisfactions, happiness and reduce stress, depression, anxiety
uses interventions on how they would respond to friend in similar situation
Gestalt chair
meditation to work through conflicts and see different POV, gain insight into feelings, behaviours

17
Q

what is gestalt chair

A

face empty chair and imagine youself sat in chair, explain feelings, thoughts, and see how would talk to self
sit in chair, take on self-compassionate role, explaining feelings/thoughts

18
Q

how can criticism from others be a barrier to self compassion

A

cross-sectional evidence for high criticism and rejection from parent causing low SC (alongside childhood neglect, emotional abuse)
creating aversion and fear toward compassion

19
Q

explain how fear of compassion is a barrier to self-compassion

A

via insecure relationship with parents, classical conditioned neg outcome to pos emotion
perceive kindness from others/self as threat, preventing engagement

20
Q

explain how levels of self-compassion in ADHD is linked with fear of compassion

A

experienced hostility due to symptoms of ADHD (excited, emotionally reactive) so associate caregivers with punishment

21
Q

explain how internalised negative voice can be a barrier to self-compassion

A

hypercritical home environment causes marginalised SC, developing interpersonal schemas used to model self relationship

22
Q

describe neurodevelopment

A

brains development of neurological pathways that influence performance or functioning

23
Q

define ADHD

A

affects persons behaviour and impact inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

24
Q

define inattention for ADHD

A

behaviour showing distraction, or inability to meet ones responsibilities

25
Q

define hyperactivity for ADHD

A

personal feeling of restlessness and observed as energetic

26
Q

define impulsivity for ADHD

A

inability to stop self from doing stuff

27
Q

describe ASD

A

affect communication and behaviour, problems with social interaction, repetitive restrictive behaviour, different way of learning, attention and moving

28
Q

what are some negative correlates in ADHD/ASD

A

academic and occupational failure
social rejection
stress
negative relationship
financial strain
stigmas
poor mental health

29
Q

explain statistics for depression and ADHD

A

50% depression, anxiety
those on ADHD med have 20% less depression rate

30
Q

explain links between self-compassion and ADHD

A

ADHD diagnosis = lower SC
high traits (no diag)= low SC, reporting high criticism, mediating reg rel between ADHD, SC

31
Q

outline research into relationship of ASD and SC

A

negative associations, including anxiety and depression

32
Q

how can improving SC in neurodiversity improve mental health (intervention research)

A

online self-guided intervention
increased SC for all groups and mental wellbeing
however MBCT mindfulness skill improvements and SC didnt mediate ADHD symptoms

33
Q
A