PSY 3604 FINAL 5

Question 1

addictiveness of drugs

Answer 1

heroin
cocaine
tobacco
methadone
barbiturates
Alcohol
amphetamines
benzos
cannabis
ecstasy
LSD

Question 2

Rated harm of drugs

Answer 2

most harmful: heroin, cocaine, barbiturates, street methadone, alcohol

Least harmful: Khat, Alkylnitrates. ecstasy, GHB, anabolic steroids

Question 3

Treatment of mood disorders

Answer 3

combination of medication, psychotherapy, lifestyle modifications, and support services

Antidepressant medications, SSRIs, SNRIs, CBT, MOAIs, mood stabilizers, ECT, etc

Question 4

Link between creativity and bipolar/schizophrenia

Answer 4

mood disorders are elevated among creative individuals

Some research suggests that individuals with these conditions may exhibit heightened creativity during certain mood states or due to shared genetic factors influencing cognitive processes related to creativity.
Alterations in cognitive and perceptual processes, temperamental traits such as openness to experience, and psychological mechanisms like emotional expression and coping strategies may also contribute to the observed association.

Question 5

Treatment for Eating Disorders

Answer 5

• successful treatment usually involves a team approach, including: patient, physician, nutritional counselors, psychiatric counselors

Question 6

Treatment for substance abuse disorders

Answer 6

the person must want to get help for the most effective treatment. treated through a combination of behavioral therapies, counseling, medications, and support programs.

Question 7

monogenic models of disease and disorder

Answer 7

Dominant single-gene mutation resulting highly VARIABLE phenotypic expression.

Question 8

polygenic models of disease and disorder

Answer 8

psychological disorders likely result from multiple interactive genes rather than a single gene

Question 9

How do genes and environment contribute to familial similarity?

Answer 9

• results from genetic inheritance and environmental factors.
• Genetic inheritance includes shared traits and heritability of behaviors.
• Environmental factors such as upbringing, cultural background, and peer influences also play a role.
• Genes contribute to inherited traits and behaviors.
• Shared environments, parental guidance, and sibling interactions shape familial resemblance.
• Gene-environment interplay and epigenetic mechanisms further influence these factors.

Question 10

How much of a genome or environment is shared by a mother and child? Siblings? Twins?

Answer 10

• Mother and child share about 50% of their genome.
• Siblings share roughly 50% of their genetic material.
• Identical twins share nearly 100% of their genome.
• Environmental sharing varies; mothers and children have more shared environments during pregnancy and early development.
• Siblings and twins may have different environmental experiences based on upbringing and interactions.

Question 11

Statistical vs Clinical prediction

Answer 11

Statistical is more reliable and accurate than clinical prediction. mechanical prediction preforms better/as well as clinical prediction

Question 12

Clinical Prediction

Answer 12

Not 100% reliable

Expert prediction relying on an understanding of the linkages between causes and effects.

Question 13

Mechanical Prediction

Answer 13

100% reliable, same inputs = same outputs

the application of empirically demonstrated statistical rules and probabilities to the computer generation of findings and recommendations

Question 14

How can the environment affect how genes are expressed, and how can genes affect how the environment is experienced?

Answer 14

The environment can change how genes work through things like chemical tags on DNA.
Stuff like food, stress, toxins, and friends can affect these gene tags and how genes act.
Genes can also influence how someone sees the world in two ways:
Sometimes genes make people react differently to the same things in the world.
Other times, genes make people pick or make environments that match what their genes are good at.

GxE interaction and G-E correlation

Question 15

treatment of intellectual disorders

Answer 15

Learn skills through fun activities and rewards.
Get special help in school to learn better.
Talk with someone who helps with talking and understanding.
Learn to do everyday things on your own with special exercises.
Sometimes take medicine for extra help with focus or feeling good.
Learn how to behave well and make friends.
Families and friends give lots of love and help.
Start learning and getting help early for the best results.
Use cool tools like special computers or devices to help you.