PSY 3604-5

Question 1

monogenic models of disease and disorder

Answer 1

Dominant single-gene mutation resulting highly VARIABLE phenotypic expression.

Question 2

polygenic models of disease and disorder

Answer 2

psychological disorders likely result from multiple interactive genes rather than a single gene

Question 3

GxE interaction

Answer 3

the interacting effects of genetics and the environment on the development of traits and characteristics

Question 4

GxE correlation

Answer 4

demonstrate that genes and environment often reinforce each other

Question 5

What are some psychological inventions that have made lasting changes?

Answer 5

behavioral traditions, treatments of exposure, classical conditioning

Question 6

Norms in Testing

Answer 6

in test construction, established standards of performance
The curve test –

Question 7

Biology of HPA

Answer 7

hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Hypothalamus –> pituitary –> adrenal gland

causes fight or flight

Question 8

Biology of SAM

Answer 8

Sympathetic-Adrenomedullary System

• Part of the sympathetic processing route:
• Hypothalamus –> adrenal gland –> epinephrine (Epi; adrenaline)
  & norepinephrine (NE; noradrenaline)

system designed to mobilize resources and prepare for a fight-or-flight response

Question 9

How to break the G-E confound

Answer 9

• Experiments that randomize G or E.
• Easy in rats or mice or other model organism
• In humans, experiments for PTSD must rely on weak “traumas” that are ethically acceptable
• Can quasi-experiments help?: Another earthquake

Question 10

Different types of causes and how they can interact in the INUS model