PSY 3604 FINAL 1

Question 1

Psychopathology

Answer 1

scientific study of psychological disorders and abnormal behavior

Question 2

Maladaptation

Answer 2

an adaptation that does more harm than good

Question 3

DSM-V

Answer 3

Current diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
is the handbook used by healthcare professionals in the United States and much of the world as the authoritative guide to the diagnosis of mental disorders. DSM contains descriptions, symptoms, and other criteria for diagnosing mental disorders.

Question 4

Statistical Deviancy

Answer 4

a criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it occurs infrequently among the members of a population

Question 5

Prevalence

Answer 5

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

Question 6

Incidence

Answer 6

Occurrence (onset) rate of a given disorder in a given population. percentage of new cases

Question 7

diathesis-stress model

Answer 7

View of abnormal behavior as the result of stress operating on an individual who has a biological, psychosocial, or sociocultural predisposition to developing a specific disorder.

Question 8

phenotype

Answer 8

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Question 9

genotype

Answer 9

genetic makeup of an organism

Question 10

Genome

Answer 10

the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism’s chromosomes

Question 11

heritability

Answer 11

the ability of a trait to be passed down from one generation to the next

Question 12

Monozygotic (MZ)

Answer 12

Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg that then splits in half. These twins are genetically identical.

Question 13

Dizygotic (DZ)

Answer 13

Twins that develop from two different eggs that are simultaneously fertilized by two sperm. Like ordinary siblings, they share 50% of their genes.

Question 14

adjustment disorder

Answer 14

an emotional disturbance caused by ongoing stressors within the range of common experience

A disorder in which a person’s response to a common stressor is maladaptive and occurs within 3 months of the stressor.

Question 15

Mental Disorders

Answer 15

Entire range of abnormal behavior patterns. an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing them from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life

Question 16

correlation

Answer 16

The tendency of two variables to change together. With positive correlation, as one variable goes up, so does the other; with negative correlation, one variable goes up as the other goes down.

Question 17

Generalizability

Answer 17

The extent to which the findings from a single study can be used to draw conclusions about other samples.

Question 18

HPA Axis

Answer 18

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal

a hormonal feedback system that becomes activated by stress and results in the production of cortisol.

Question 19

Infrequency

Answer 19

How rare is the behavior?

Question 20

SES

Answer 20

Socioeconomic status.

Position on social and economic scale in community; determined largely by income and occupational level.

Question 21

Depression

Answer 21

Emotional state characterized by extraordinary sadness and dejection.

Question 22

Mania

Answer 22

Emotional state characterized by intense and unrealistic feelings of excitement and euphoria.

Question 23

INUS model

Answer 23

Insufficient but Necessary parts of a condition which is itself Unnecessary but Sufficient.

Question 24

Conduct Disorder

Answer 24

Childhood and adolescent disorders that can appear by age 9 and are marked by persistent acts of aggressive or antisocial behavior that may or may not be against the law.

Question 25

ODD

Answer 25

Oppositional defiant disorder.
 
Childhood disorder that appears by age 6 and is characterized by persistent acts of aggressive or antisocial behavior that may or may not be against the law.