Psy 101 Sec 11.2 Trait perspective

Question 1

Traits

Answer 1

Relatively enduring personal characteristics.

Question 2

cardinal traits

Answer 2

Allport’s term for the more pervasive dimensions that define an individual’s general personality.
Martin Luther King’s personality as the commitment to social justice.

Question 3

central traits

Answer 3

Allport’s term for personality characteristics that have a widespread influence on the individual’s behavior across situations. competitiveness, generosity, independence, arrogance

Question 4

secondary traits

Answer 4

Allport’s term for specific traits that influence behavior in relatively few situations. clothing or music

Question 5

surface traits

Answer 5

Cattell’s term for personality traits at the surface level that can be gleaned from observations of behavior.

Question 6

source traits

Answer 6

Cattell’s term for traits at a deep level of personality that are not apparent in observed behavior but must be inferred based on underlying relationships among surface traits.

Question 7

introversion - extroversion

Answer 7

Tendencies toward being solitary and reserved on the one end or outgoing and sociable on the other end.

Question 8

neuroticism

Answer 8

Tendencies toward emotional instability, anxiety, and worry.

Question 9

psychoticism

Answer 9

Tendencies to be perceived as cold and antisocial.

Question 10

five factor model

Answer 10

The dominant contemporary trait model of personality, consisting of five broad personality factors: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

Question 11

Allport distinguished between (a) _______ traits (pervasive characteristics that govern behavior), (b) _______ traits (more commonly found general characteristics around which behavior is organized), and (c) _______ traits (interests or dispositions that influence behavior in specific situations). Cattell believed that traits are organized in terms of (d) _______ traits (consistencies in a person’s observed behavior) and (e) _______ traits (general, underlying traits that account for relationships among surface traits).

Answer 11

a. ) cardinal
b. ) central
c. ) secondary
d. ) surface
e. ) source

Question 12

Eysenck believed that variations in personality could generally be explained in terms of three major traits: introversion–extraversion, (f) _______, and psychoticism. The Big Five (neuroticism, extraversion, (g) _______, agreeableness, conscientiousness) are five broad dimensions or traits that have consistently emerged in personality research.

Answer 12

f. ) neuroticism

g. ) openness

Question 13

Genetic influences are implicated in many personality traits, including neuroticism, shyness, aggressiveness, and (h) _______ seeking. Scientists today are exploring how genes interact with (i) _______ influences in the development of personality.

Answer 13

h.) novelty

I.) enviormental