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#medication cards > PSA stuff > Flashcards

PSA stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What are the long term Monitoring Req for Lithium, and how often? (2 things)

A
  1. UnE
  2. TFT
    (every 6 months)
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2
Q

What are the long term Monitoring Req for Lithium, and how often? (2 things)

A
  1. UnE
  2. TFT
    (every 6 months)
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3
Q

What is the Option for Emergency Contraception?

A

Levonorgestrel 1.5mg PO STAT

(must take within 72 hours)

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4
Q

What is the Option for Emergency Contraception?

A

Levonorgestrel 1.5mg PO STAT

(must take within 72 hours)

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5
Q

What is the main side fx of Prolonged Corticosteroid (prednisolone) use?

A

Insomnia

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6
Q

What are the side fx of ACEi? (2 things)

A
  1. Cough
  2. High K
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7
Q

What are the side fx of Amlodipine?

A

Pedal oedema

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8
Q

What are the side fx of Carbamazepine?

A

Hyponatraemia

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9
Q

What are the side fx of Gliclazides? (2 things)

A
  1. Hypoglycaemia
  2. Weight gain
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10
Q

What are the side fx of Statins?

A

Myalgia

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11
Q

What are the SEVERE side fx of Amiodarone? (2 things)

A
  1. Pulm fibrosis
  2. Thyroid dysf
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12
Q

What are the SEVERE side fx of Clozapine?

A

Agrunolcytosis

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13
Q

What are the SEVERE side fx of Methotrexate? (2 things)

A
  1. Myelosuppression
  2. Pulm fibrosis
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14
Q

What are the SEVERE side fx of Metformin?

A

Lactic acidosis

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15
Q

What are the SEVERE side fx of Sodium valproate?

A

Teratogenic (10% neural tube defects)

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16
Q

What are the SEVERE side fx of Statins?

A

Rhabdomyolosis

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17
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for ACEi/ARBs?

A

Withhold on day of surgery

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18
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Bisphosphonates?

A

Withhold on day of surgery

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19
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Metformin?

A

Withhold:
1. Night b4
1. Day of Surgery

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20
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for all other Hypoglycaemics (apart from Metformin)?

A

Withhold day of surgery only

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21
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Antihistamines?

A

Withhold 24 hours prior to surgery

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22
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Antihistamines?

A

Withhold 24 hours prior to surgery

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23
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Lithium?

A

Withhold:
* 24 hours prior if minor surgery
* 48 hours prior if major surgery

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24
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for MTX?

A

Withhold 48 hours prior to surgery

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25
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for NSAIDs?

A

Withhold 72 hours prior to surgery

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26
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Warfarin?

A

Withhold 4-5 days before (depends on surgery)

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27
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for Aspirin?

A

Often continue, but if needs to be stopped: 7 days prior

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28
Q

What are the Pre-Op Med changes for COCP?

A

Withhold 4 weeks prior (if elective)

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29
Q

What is the pneumonic to remember which Meds need changes Pre-OP?

A

I LACK OP

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30
Q

What are the Meds in I LACK OP?

A
  • I- Insulin
  • L – Lithium
  • A – Anticoagulants, antiplatelets
  • C – COCP
  • K – K-sparing diuretics
  • O – Oral hypoglycaemics
  • P = Perindopril and other ACEi
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31
Q

What are the Enzyme Inducers? (6 things)

A

PC BRAS
* Phenytoin
* Carbamazepine

  • Barbiturates
  • Rifampicin
  • Alcohol (chronic)
  • Sulphonylureas / St johns wort
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32
Q

What are the Enzyme Inhibitors? (9 things)

A

AO DEVICES
* Allopurinol
* Omeprazole

  • Disulfiram
  • Erythromycin
  • Valproate
  • Isoniazid
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Ethanol (acute)
  • Sulphonamides / SSRIs
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33
Q

What Meds are CI in HF? (5 things)

A
  1. Pioglitazone (causes fluid ret)
  2. NSAIDs (causes fluid ret)
  3. Glucocorticoids (causes fluid ret)
  4. Verapamil (-ve inotropic fx)
  5. Flecainide (-ve inotropic fx)
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34
Q

What Oxygen should you give a COPD pt w Inf Exacerbation, prior to ABG availability?

A

28% Venturi mask @ 4 L/min

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35
Q

Who is at risk of problems with NSAIDs?

A

Ppl w Nasal polyps

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36
Q

What do Enzyme INDUCERS do to the INR?

A

Decrease it
(they induce thickness)

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37
Q

What do Enzyme INHIBITORS do to the INR?

A

Increase it
(they INHIBIT blood from clotting)

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38
Q

What should you avoid when prescribing fluids for a Stroke pt?

A

5% glucose, bc risk of Cerebral oedema

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39
Q

What DM meds usually causes Hypos?

A

Gliclazide

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40
Q

How do you reduce the risk of Contrast induced Nephrotoxicity? (2 things)

A
  1. Adequate hydration
  2. IV 0.9% NaCl
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41
Q

What meds should you give for Meningitis STAT?

A

Cefotaxime 2g IV STAT

abx

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42
Q

Where in the BNF can you find how meds preparations are made, aka if you need millilitres which is not in question?

A

BNF > Med Name > Medicinal forms > oral suspension / tablet etc

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43
Q

When should systemic corticosteroids be GRADUALLY withdrawn? (3 things)

A

Pt have received:
1. 40+ mg daily for 1+ week
2. More than 3 weeks tx
3. Repeated courses recently

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44
Q

What should you give someone with Angina? (4 things)

A
  1. Aspirin 75mg
  2. GTN
  3. Statin (should be on it)
  4. Beta blocker / Ca channel blocker
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45
Q

When should you give a Ca channel blocker instead of Beta blocker in Angina?

A

Asthmatics

They are on Beta agonists (aka salbutamol) so don’t clart it for dem

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46
Q

What medications in the UK are prescribed WEEKLY? (2 things)

A
  1. MTX
  2. Bisphosphonates
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47
Q

What meds should be taken at night? (2 things)

A
  1. Statins
  2. Amitriptyline
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48
Q

When should statins be taken?

A

At night

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49
Q

How do you write NIGHTLY in a prescription?

A

ON

(once nightly)

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50
Q

Which meds DECREASE potassium? (5 things)

A
  1. Thiazide diuretics
  2. Loop diuretics
  3. Acetazolamide
  4. Salbutamol
  5. Calcium resonium
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51
Q

Which meds INCREASE potassium? (7 things)

A
  1. ACEi
  2. ARBs
  3. Spironolactone
  4. Tacrolimus
  5. Dalteparin
  6. Potassium sparing duiretics (amiloride / triamterene)
  7. Potassium supplements (Sando-K / Slow-K)
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52
Q

Which meds are used to treat Hyperkalaemia? (2 things)

A
  1. Salbutamol
  2. Calcium resonium
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53
Q

What antihistamine is used in Anaphylaxis?

A

Chlorphenamine

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54
Q

What is the difference between Carbimazole & Carbmazepine?

A

Carbimazole: Anti-thyroid
Carbmazepine: Anti-epileptic

Thyroids ya zol

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55
Q

What is the difference between Carbimazole & Carbmazepine?

A
  • Carbimazole: Anti-thyroid
  • Carbmazepine: Anti-epileptic

Thyroids ya zol

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56
Q

What is the difference between Chlorphenamine & Chlorpromazine?

A
  • Chlorphenamine: antihistamine
  • Chlorpromazine: antipsychotic

Zeen is craZy meds

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57
Q

What is the Min n Max dose of Codeine?

A
  • Min: 30mg QDS
  • Max: 60mg QDS
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58
Q

What is the ratio between Morphine vs Codeine strength?

A

10:1

(so 10mg Morphine = 100mg Codeine)

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59
Q

What is the PRN dose for Morphine when you know the daily dose?

A

1/6 of total daily dose

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60
Q

What is the frequency of MODIFIED RELEASE Morphine?

A

12 hourly

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61
Q

What is the concentration of Morphine in liquid (oromorph)?

A

10mg in 5ml

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62
Q

What is the Max dose for Morphine?

A

No maximum dose

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63
Q

What is the ratio between PO and SC doses for Morphine?

A

2:1

SC is stronger, so if going from PO to SC, half da dose

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64
Q

What is the ratio between PO and SC doses for Morphine?

A

2:1

SC is stronger, so if going from PO to SC, half da dose

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65
Q

What meds combo is a pt unlikely to be taking?

A

2 of the same meds (aka 2 loop diuretics)

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66
Q

RESP: What is the FIRST line meds for Chronic bronchitis exacerbation?

A

Amoxicillin

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67
Q

RESP: What is the FIRST line meds for Uncomplicated CA Pneumonia?

A

Amoxicillin

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68
Q

When someone is Penicillin allergic, what should you give instead of Amoxicillin / Flucloxacillin? (3 things)

A
  1. Doxycycline
  2. Clarithryomycin
  3. Erythromycin
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69
Q

RESP: What is the FIRST line meds for Atypical Pneumonia?

A

Clarithromycin

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70
Q

RESP: What is the FIRST line meds for HA Pneumonia?

A
  1. Co-amoxiclav (within 5 days admission)
  2. Piperacilllin (5+ days since admission)
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71
Q

URIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Lower UTI?

A

Trimethoprim / Nitrofurantoin

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72
Q

URIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Acute pyelonephritis?

A

Broad spec Cephalosporin

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73
Q

URIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Acute Prostatitis?

A

Quinolone

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74
Q

SKIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Impetigo?

A

Topical hydrogen peroxide

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75
Q

SKIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Cellulitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

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76
Q

SKIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Cellulitis near eyes / nose?

A

Co-amoxiclav

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77
Q

SKIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Animal / human bite?

A

Co-amoxiclav

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78
Q

SKIN: What is the FIRST line meds for Mastitis @ breast feeding?

A

Flucloxacillin

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79
Q

ENT: What is the FIRST line meds for Throat inf?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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80
Q

ENT: What is the FIRST line meds for Sinusitis?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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81
Q

ENT: What is the FIRST line meds for OM?

A

Amoxicillin

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82
Q

ENT: What is the FIRST line meds for OE?

A

Flucloxacillin

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83
Q

ENT: What is the FIRST line meds for Peridontal abscess?

A

Amoxicillin

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84
Q

ENT: What is the FIRST line meds for Gingivitis?

A

Metronidazole

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85
Q

SX: What is the FIRST line meds for Gonorrhoea?

A

IM Ceftriaxone

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86
Q

SX: What is the FIRST line meds for Chlamydia?

A

Doxycycline

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87
Q

SX: What is the FIRST line meds for PID?

A

Ofloxacin + Metronidazole

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88
Q

SX: What is the FIRST line meds for Syphilis?

A

Doxycycline

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89
Q

SX: What is the FIRST line meds for Bac vaginosis?

A

Oral / topical metronidazole

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90
Q

SX: What is the FIRST line meds for Bac vaginosis?

A

Oral / topical metronidazole

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91
Q

GI: What is the FIRST line meds for C difficile?

A

1st ep: Oral vancomycin
2nd+ ep: Oral fidaxomicin

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92
Q

GI: What is the FIRST line meds for Campylobacter enteritis?

A

Clarithromycin

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93
Q

GI: What is the FIRST line meds for Salmonella?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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94
Q

GI: What is the FIRST line meds for Shigellosis?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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95
Q

What meds are CI in HF bc they will exacerbate it? (5 things)

A
  1. Pioglitazone
  2. Verapamil
  3. NSAIDs
  4. Glucocorticoids
  5. Flecanide
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96
Q

What meds should you avoid in AKI (aka when you see high urea + creatinine)?

A

Ibuprofen (NSAIDs)

97
Q

What electrolye imbalance will Digoxin toxicity cause?

A

Hypokalaemia (so do ECG)

98
Q

What meds will WORSEN seizure control?

A
  1. Alochol / cocaine
  2. Ciprofloxacin / Levofloxacin
  3. Aminophylline / theophylline
  4. Mefenamic aic (NSAID)
99
Q

When is ONLY time you should give Oxygen in a MI pt?

A

When sats under 94%

100
Q

What should you consider giving alongside Morphine? (2 things)

A
  1. Metoclopramide (bc opiod induced vomiting)
  2. Laxative (bc constipation)
101
Q

Why should you not give Ibuprofen to a pt already on Aspirin?

A

Bc Ibuprofen will
1. Cancel Anti-platelet fx
1. Increase GI bleed risk

102
Q

What abx for UTI is safe @ breastfeeding?

A

Trimethoprim

103
Q

Which out of Ibuprofen vs Aspirin is safe @ breatfeeding?

A

Ibuprofen

(aspirin has risk of Reyes syndrome)

104
Q

What is a common side fx of long term steroid use?

A

Proximal myopathy
(shoulder n leg muscles feel weak)

105
Q

If you want to find the Conversion rates for Opioids, what should you search on the BNF?

A

Prescribing in palliative care > Pain management with opioids > see the table

106
Q

What meds should you avoid in Breastfeeding? (7 things)

A
  1. Abx: Cipro, TTC, Chloramphenicol, Sulphonamides
  2. Aspirin
  3. Amiodarone
  4. Carbimazole
  5. MTX
  6. Psych: Lithium, Benzos
  7. Sulfonylureas
107
Q

What meds should you avoid in Pregnancy? (6 things)

A
  1. Abx: TTC, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Trimethoprim, Quinolones
  2. ACEi / ARBs
  3. Retinoids (including topical)
  4. Statins
  5. Sulfonylureas
  6. Warfarin
108
Q

How many millimoles of sodium is in a one litre bag of 0.9% normal saline?

A

154

109
Q

How many millimoles of sodium is in a one litre bag of 0.9% normal saline?

A

154

110
Q

How should you monitor Digoxin when you give it for AF? (2 things)

A
  1. Serum digoxin at least 6 hs after last dose
  2. Ventricular rate (to see if working)
111
Q

What is an example of RAPID acting insulin? (2 things)

A
  1. Insulin aspart (novorapid)
  2. Insulin lispro
112
Q

What is an example of SHORT acting insulin?

A

Actrapid

113
Q

What is an example of INTERMEDIATE acting insulin?

A

Isophane insulin

i for i

114
Q

What is an example of LONG acting insulin? (2 things)

A
  1. Insulin detemir
  2. Insulin glargine
115
Q

What Monitoring should you do for all Antipsychotic meds?

A
  1. FBC, UnE, LFT
  2. Lipids
  3. Weight
  4. FBG
  5. Prolactin
  6. BP
  7. ECG
  8. CVS risk assessment
116
Q

What is the FIRST line tx for HF? (2 things)

A

ACEi + Beta blocker

117
Q

What meds should you avoid in pt w IHD?

A

HRT

118
Q

What meds should be used w CAUTION in ASTHMA? (3 things)

A
  1. Adenosine
  2. Beta blockers
  3. NSAIDs
119
Q

What meds reduce Hypoglycaemic awareness?

A

Beta blockers

120
Q

What DM meds cause SIADH (aka hyponatraemia)?

A

Sulfonylureas (Glimepiride)

121
Q

When should you not give NSAIDs (aka ibuprofen)? (2 things)

A
  1. Asthma
  2. HF (cause fluid retention)
122
Q

Which pts need O2 therapy even if sats 99? (2 things)

A

Critically ill aka:
1. Anaphylaxis
2. Shock

123
Q

What is the O2 therapy you give to Critically ill niggas?

A

Reservoir mask @ 15 L/min

124
Q

What should you change if TROUGH (pre-dose) level is too high for Gentamicin?

A

Increase interval between doses (aka TDS > BD)

125
Q

What should you change if PEAK (post-dose) level is too high for Gentamicin?

A

Decrease the dose

126
Q

What Abx will INCREASE Warfarin fx, aka increase INR?

A

Metronidazole

127
Q

What Abx will DECREASE Warfarin fx, aka decrease INR?

A

Rifampicin

128
Q

When your stuck between picking betwen 2 Interactions in a question, what should you pick?

A

One BNF says source is: “study” not “theoretical” coz das jus “trust me bro”

Or one with most lines in description lol

129
Q

What Meds can make Psoriasis worse? (8 things)

A
  1. Alcohol
  2. Beta blockers
  3. Lithium
  4. Antimalarials
  5. Infliximab
  6. NSAIDs
  7. ACEi
  8. Withdrawing systemic steroids
    (ABLAINAW)
130
Q

What should you check b4 prescribing COCP? (2 things)

A
  1. BP
  2. Smoking status
131
Q

What should you do w a patient on Long term steroids admitted w a Illness (e.g pneumonia)?

A

Double steroid doses

132
Q

What happens if you give Trimethoprim n MTX together?

A

Agranulocytosis (aka severe neutropenia)

(bc both folate antagonists)

133
Q

What fluids should you give a pt bleeding out n very low BP to resus dem?

A

IV 500ml 0.9% NaCl over 15 mins

134
Q

After IV fluids, what do you give a DKA pt?

A

50 Units Human Soluble Insulin, in 50ml 0.9% NaCl IV, @ 0.1 ml/kg/hr

135
Q

What are the CI for taking COCP? (8 things)

A
  1. Age 35+ n smoking 15+ / day
  2. BMI 35+
  3. Vasc disease
  4. AF
  5. Hx / FHx of VTE
  6. Hx of IHD / stroke
  7. Major surgery w long immobilisation
  8. Migraine w aura
136
Q

What meds is most likely going to cause Erythema Multiforme (skin reaction)?

A

Penicillin

137
Q

What are the Monitoring Req for Azathioprine?

A

3 monthly: FBC / LFT / UnE

138
Q

What age can babies start taking Paracetamol / Ibuprofen?

A

3 months

139
Q

What are the Monitoring Req for Ciclosporin BEFORE starting? (4 things)

A
  1. BP
  2. Lipids
  3. UnE
  4. LFT
140
Q

What are the Monitoring Req for Ciclosporin after starting? (3 things)

A
  1. UnE every 2 weeks for first 3 months, then monthly
  2. Lipids after 1st month
  3. LFT + Mg (no timeframe)
141
Q

What should you Monitor in pt on COCP and how often?

A

BP every year

142
Q

What should you give a Palliative pt for their Agitation?

A

Midazolam 10mg SC

143
Q

Are inhaled corticosteroids (e.g budesonide) safe to use in pregnancy?

A

Yes

144
Q

What is a side fx of CCB e.g Amlodipine?

A

Peripheral oedema

145
Q

What painkillers are CI in breastfeeding?

A

Codeine aka co-codamol

146
Q

What is the best Beta blocker for Tx of Portal HTN?

A

Propranolol
P w P

147
Q

What is the best Beta blocker for Tx of Angina / Arrhythmia?

A

Atenolol
A w A

148
Q

What is the best Beta blocker for Tx of Blood pressure high (HTN)?

A

Bisoprolol
B w B

149
Q

What things cause you to go up a step in Asthma Tx? (3 things)

A

Any of the following:
1. Asthma attack in last 2 yrs
2. Using Salbutamol / Symptomatic 3x a week or more
3. Waking 1 night a week

150
Q

What should you give a Hyperkalaemic pt to reduce risk of Arrhythmias? (3 things)

A
  1. IV insulin w dextrose
  2. Salbutamol nebulizer
  3. Calcium gluconate
151
Q

What should you do if a lorry / bus driver is started on Insulin for DM?

A

Inform DVLA that they are starting it

152
Q

What is the FIRST line meds for resp Secretions in palliative care?

A

Glycopyrronium bromide 200mcg SC

153
Q

What will reduce risk of Variceal bleeding?

A

Propranolol

154
Q

What are the side fx of Amitriptyline? (4 things)

A

Anticholingergic:
1. Dry eyes / blurred vision
2. Dry mouth
3. Urinary retention
4. Constipation

155
Q

What meds should you look out for when INR is high despite them being on Warfarin?

A

Enzyme inhibitors

(Bc they stop warfarin from working properly)

156
Q

What anticoagulant can be reversed more easily, Warfarin or DOACs?

A
  • Warfarin, reversed by vit K
  • DOACs need their specific antidotes
157
Q

What meds can cause Hypothyroidism? (2 things)

A
  1. Lithium
  2. Amiodarone
158
Q

What should you give in Status Epilepticus after 2 doses of IV Lorazepam?

A

IV Phenytoin

159
Q

What should you do with long term steroids (aka prednisolone for RA) when the person has an infection?

A

Double their dose

160
Q

Why is 0.9% saline better than Hartmans in a pt who has high potassium?

A
  • 0.9% saline doesn’t have Potassium, while Hartmans does
  • Hartmans (has potassium + sodium + lactate + calcium + chloride)
161
Q

Why is 0.9% saline better than Hartmans in a pt who has high potassium?

A
  • 0.9% saline doesn’t have Potassium, while Hartmans does
  • Hartmans (has potassium + sodium + lactate + calcium + chloride)
162
Q

What should you give if the Potassium level is between 3.5 – 5.5 in DKA?

A

1L of 0.9% sodium chloride with 40 mmol Potassium chloride

163
Q

What should you give in Hyperphosphataemia?

A

Calcium carbonate (aka phosphate binder)

164
Q

What meds should you give for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Carbamazepine

165
Q

What is the priority before you do definitive Mx of Phaeochromocytoma (surgery)?

A

BP Mx

166
Q

How do you Mx BP in Phaeochromocytoma?

A

Phenoxybenzamine

167
Q

What Insulin should you use in DKA?

A

Fast-acting Insulin (Actrapid)

168
Q

Although Lamotrigine is safe in pregnancy, what should you do?

A

Adjust dose based on plasma drug concentration

169
Q

What is Seretide?

A

Inhaler with combo of:
1. Fluticasone (ICS)
2. Salmeterol (LABA)

170
Q

What are the Side fx of Seretide?

A

Oral candidiasis

171
Q

What is the Mx of an Acute exacerbation of COPD? (4 things)

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Steroids
  3. Abx
  4. SABA
    (OSAS)
172
Q

What Oxygen should you give in an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

24% or 28% Venturi mask

173
Q

What sats are you aiming for in an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

88-92%

174
Q

What steroids should you give in an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

Oral prednisolone 30mg OD for 5 days

175
Q

What Abx can you give in an Acute exacerbation of COPD? (3 things)

A
  1. Amoxicillin
  2. Doxycycline
  3. Clarithromycin
176
Q

When should you give IV Abx for an Acute exacerbation of COPD? (2 things)

A
  1. Can’t take oral
  2. Severely unwell
177
Q

What route should you give SABAs in for an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

Same as pt day to day use
But if hypercapnic / acidic = use nebulizer

178
Q

What should you do if pt still SOB despite 1 dose of Nebulised SABA?

A

Give another dose

179
Q

What is the Tx of choise for Pericarditis?

A

NSAIDs (aka ibuprofen)

180
Q

What meds should you stop in Post hypotension? (2 things)

A
  1. Beta blockers (bc poor chronotropy)
  2. Loop diuretics (bc fluid depletion)
181
Q

What is the FIRST line meds for Alzheimer’s, (before Memantine)?

A

Galantamine (AChEi)

182
Q

What class is Memantine?

A

Glutamate receptor blocker

183
Q

What should you give for Anaphylaxis FIRST LINE?

A

Adrenaline 1/1000 500mcg IM STAT

184
Q

What fluid do you give to correct Hypokalaemia?

A

IV 1L 0.9% NaCLl with 40 mmol KCl over 4 hours

185
Q

Do you need to give prophylactic abx for someone with Aortic stenosis undergoing a dental procedure?

A

No

186
Q

When can Metformin cause Lactic Acidosis?

A

When used with Contrast Dye

187
Q

What is the FIRST line anti-emetic in pregnancy?

A

Cyclizine IV

188
Q

What meds if given with Lithium can cause Lithium toxicity? (2 things)

A
  1. Diuretics (e.g Bendroflumethiazide)
  2. NSAIDs
189
Q

Apart from the vaccine, what can you give to reduce risk of Pneumococcal infection in kids?

A

Penicillin V (aka Phenoxymethylpenicillin) PO 250mg BD

190
Q

What anticoagulant can be reversed more easily, Warfarin or DOACs?

A

Warfarin, reversed by vit K
DOACs need their specific antidotes

191
Q

What meds can cause Hypothyroidism? (2 things)

A
  1. Lithium
  2. Amiodarone
192
Q

What should you give in Status Epilepticus after 2 doses of IV Lorazepam?

A

IV Phenytoin

193
Q

What should you do with long term steroids (aka prednisolone for RA) when the person has an infection?

A

Double their dose

194
Q

Why is 0.9% saline better than Hartmans in a pt who has high potassium?

A

0.9% saline doesn’t have Potassium, while Hartmans does
Hartmans (has potassium + sodium + lactate + calcium + chloride)

195
Q

What should you give if the Potassium level is between 3.5 – 5.5 in DKA?

A

1L of 0.9% sodium chloride with 40 mmol Potassium chloride

196
Q

What should you give in Hyperphosphataemia?

A

Calcium carbonate (aka phosphate binder)

197
Q

What meds should you give for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Carbamazepine

198
Q

What is the priority before you do definitive Mx of Phaeochromocytoma (surgery)?

A

BP Mx

199
Q

How do you Mx BP in Phaeochromocytoma?

A

Phenoxybenzamine

200
Q

What Insulin should you use in DKA?

A

Fast-acting Insulin (Actrapid)

201
Q

Although Lamotrigine is safe in pregnancy, what should you do?

A

Adjust dose based on plasma drug concentration

202
Q

What is Seretide?

A

Inhaler with combo of:
* Fluticasone (ICS)
* Salmeterol (LABA)

203
Q

What are the Side fx of Seretide?

A

Oral candidiasis

204
Q

What is the Mx of an Acute exacerbation of COPD? (4 things)

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Steroids
  3. Abx
  4. SABA
    (OSAS)
205
Q

What Oxygen should you give in an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

24% or 28% Venturi mask

206
Q

What sats are you aiming for in an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

88-92%

207
Q

What steroids should you give in an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

Oral prednisolone 30mg OD for 5 days

208
Q

What Abx can you give in an Acute exacerbation of COPD? (3 things)

A
  1. Amoxicillin
  2. Doxycycline
  3. Clarithromycin
209
Q

When should you give IV Abx for an Acute exacerbation of COPD? (2 things)

A
  1. Can’t take oral
  2. Severely unwell
210
Q

What route should you give SABAs in for an Acute exacerbation of COPD?

A
  1. Same as pt day to day use
  2. But if hypercapnic / acidic = use nebulizer
211
Q

What should you do if pt still SOB despite 1 dose of Nebulised SABA?

A

Give another dose

212
Q

What is the Tx of choise for Pericarditis?

A

NSAIDs (aka ibuprofen)

213
Q

What meds should you stop in Post hypotension? (2 things)

A
  1. Beta blockers (bc poor chronotropy)
  2. Loop diuretics (bc fluid depletion)
214
Q

What ECG change is caused by Flecainide?

A

Long QT

215
Q

How can you quickly see if there is a Long QT on a ECG?

A

How can you quickly see if there is a Long QT on a ECG?

216
Q

How can you quickly see if there is a Long QT on a ECG?

A

QT interval is longer than half R-R interval

217
Q

What do you give to treat eclampsia (HTN after preg causing seizures)?

A

Magnesium sulphate 4g in 0.9% saline over 15 mins IV

218
Q

What should you give in acute HF to offload the excess fluid?

A

Furosemide 40mg IV stat

219
Q

What should you give for symptom relief of BPH causing chronic urinary obst?

A

Tamsulosin 400mcg PO Daily

220
Q

When should you avoid Nitrofurantoin?

A

eGFR less than 45

221
Q

When is Trimethoprim CI?

A

When pt taking MTX

222
Q

Where do you go on BNF for Opioid conversion and ratios?

A

Prescribing in Palliative Care > Pain Mx w Opioids

223
Q

After stopping warfarin, what should you give to prep someone for theatre when INR is low?

A

Phytomenadione (vit K)

224
Q

After stopping warfarin, what should you give to prep someone for theatre when INR is low?

A

Phytomenadione (vit K)

225
Q

What rise is normal when starting ACEi / ARBs?

A

Creatine rise by 20%
Its fine and expected so if worried just repeat UnEs after 1 wk

226
Q

How should you monitor beneficial fx of ACEi used for HF?

A

Check exercise tolerance

227
Q

What is FIRST line for Hypoglycaemia?

A

20% glucose

228
Q

What meds should you stop in AKI? (3 things)

A
  1. ACEi / ARBS
  2. Allopurinol
229
Q

If INR is kinda close to target, should you change the Warfarin dose?

A

No

230
Q

What meds can cause confusion? (4 things)

A
  1. Any opioids (co-codamol / fentanyl)
  2. Benzos
  3. Prednisolone
  4. Trazodone
231
Q

If you miss a COCP pill, what should you do?

A

Take missed pill + todays pill, even if it means taking 2 pills in one day
Then carry on like normal no other changes req

232
Q

What subtle prescription errors can they catch you out on?

A

Weekly instead of daily frequency

233
Q

What meds cause Hyponatraemia? (3 things)

A
  1. Carbamazepine
  2. Bendroflumethiazide
  3. Citalopram
234
Q

How do you assess for beneficial fx of Abx tx?

A

Resolution of acute symptoms over next 72 hours

235
Q

What is the tx for Oculogyric crisis?

A

Procyclidine 5mg IV OD

236
Q

What meds should you use to stop withdrawal bleed assoc w stopping contraception?

A

Levonorgestrel 7 micrograms

237
Q

What meds is CI in ischaemic ulcers?

A

Beta blockers (bc they cause vasoconstriction)

238
Q

What med with a weird name should you not give in HF but you already know because you did it in a previous flashcard?

A

Dilitazem
(remember no Calcium channel blockers in HF)

239
Q

What meds predispose you to vaginal candidiasis? (3 things)

A

Prednisolone

#medication cards (11 decks)

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