PSA Flashcards
Which drugs impair glucose tolerance?
Thiazides, furosemide (less common)
Steroids
Tacrolimus, Ciclosporin
Interferon-alpha
Nicotinic acid
Antipsychotics
Beta blockers (slight impairment)- use in caution in diabetics as can interfere with the metabolic and automonic responses to hypoglycaemia
Drug induced glucose intolerance mneumonic?
TASTINg Sugar
Thiazide
Antipsychotic
Steroids
Tumour necrosis factor
Interferon alpha
Nicotinic acid
Drug-induced urinary retention?
Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline)
Anticholinergics (antipsychotics, antihistamines)
Opiods
NSAIDs
Disopyramine
NOT A Drop
Drugs causing lung fibrosis?
Amiodarone
Cytotexic agents: busulphan, bleomycin
Anti-rheumatoid drugs- methotrexate, sulfasalazine
Nitrofurantoin
Ergot-derived dopamine receptor agonists (bromocriptime, cabergoline, pergolide)
A CANE
TB side effects and mechanism of action- Rifampicin
Inhibits bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase preventing transcription of DNA into mRNA
Potent liver enzyme inducer
Hepatitis, orange secretions (urine, tears)
Flu-like symptoms
TB side effects and mechanism of action- Isoniazid
Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
Peripheral neuropathy- prevent with pyridoxine (Vit B6)
Hepatitis, agranulocytosis
Liver enzyme inhibitor
TB side effects and mechanism of action- Pyrazinamide
Converted by pyrazinamidase into pyrazinoic acid which in turn inhibits fatty acid synthase (FAS) I
Hyperuricaemia causing gout
Arthralgia, myalgia
Hepatitis
TB side effects and mechanism of action- Ethambutol
Inibits the enzyme arabinosyl transferase which polymerizes arabinose into arabinan
Optic neuritis: check visual acuity before and during treatment
Dose needs adjusting in patients with renal impairment
Summary of TB drugs?
RIPE - HOF HAP HAM
Rifampicin HOF: Hepatitis, Orange secretions, Flu-like symptoms
Isoniazid HAP: Hepatitis, Agranulocytosis, Peripheral neuropathy
Pyrazinamide HAM: Hyperuricaemia (gout), Arthralgia, Myalgia,
EYEthambutol - optic neuritis
Enzyme inducers?
PC BRAS- Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Barbituates, Rifampicin, Alcohol (chronic excess), Sulphonylureas
Enzyme inhibitors?
AODEVICES:
Allopurinol, Omeprazole, Disulfiram, Erythromycin, Valproate, Isoniazid, Ciprofloxacin, Ethanol (acute intoxication), Sulphonamides
