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Phase 4 Question Knowledge > PSA > Flashcards

PSA Flashcards

1
Q

Which drugs impair glucose tolerance?

A

Thiazides, furosemide (less common)

Steroids

Tacrolimus, Ciclosporin

Interferon-alpha

Nicotinic acid

Antipsychotics

Beta blockers (slight impairment)- use in caution in diabetics as can interfere with the metabolic and automonic responses to hypoglycaemia

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2
Q

Drug induced glucose intolerance mneumonic?

A

TASTINg Sugar

Thiazide
Antipsychotic
Steroids
Tumour necrosis factor
Interferon alpha
Nicotinic acid

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3
Q

Drug-induced urinary retention?

A

Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline)

Anticholinergics (antipsychotics, antihistamines)

Opiods

NSAIDs

Disopyramine

NOT A Drop

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4
Q

Drugs causing lung fibrosis?

A

Amiodarone

Cytotexic agents: busulphan, bleomycin

Anti-rheumatoid drugs- methotrexate, sulfasalazine

Nitrofurantoin

Ergot-derived dopamine receptor agonists (bromocriptime, cabergoline, pergolide)

A CANE

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5
Q

TB side effects and mechanism of action- Rifampicin

A

Inhibits bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase preventing transcription of DNA into mRNA

Potent liver enzyme inducer

Hepatitis, orange secretions (urine, tears)

Flu-like symptoms

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6
Q

TB side effects and mechanism of action- Isoniazid

A

Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis

Peripheral neuropathy- prevent with pyridoxine (Vit B6)

Hepatitis, agranulocytosis

Liver enzyme inhibitor

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7
Q

TB side effects and mechanism of action- Pyrazinamide

A

Converted by pyrazinamidase into pyrazinoic acid which in turn inhibits fatty acid synthase (FAS) I

Hyperuricaemia causing gout

Arthralgia, myalgia

Hepatitis

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8
Q

TB side effects and mechanism of action- Ethambutol

A

Inibits the enzyme arabinosyl transferase which polymerizes arabinose into arabinan

Optic neuritis: check visual acuity before and during treatment

Dose needs adjusting in patients with renal impairment

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9
Q

Summary of TB drugs?

A

RIPE - HOF HAP HAM

Rifampicin HOF: Hepatitis, Orange secretions, Flu-like symptoms
Isoniazid HAP: Hepatitis, Agranulocytosis, Peripheral neuropathy
Pyrazinamide HAM: Hyperuricaemia (gout), Arthralgia, Myalgia,
EYEthambutol - optic neuritis

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10
Q

Enzyme inducers?

A

PC BRAS- Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Barbituates, Rifampicin, Alcohol (chronic excess), Sulphonylureas

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11
Q

Enzyme inhibitors?

A

AODEVICES:

Allopurinol, Omeprazole, Disulfiram, Erythromycin, Valproate, Isoniazid, Ciprofloxacin, Ethanol (acute intoxication), Sulphonamides

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12
Q

Diclofenac drug class?

A

NSAID

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13
Q

Indapamide class and a main side effect?

A

Thiazide like diuretic- hyperuricaemia which may exacerbate gout

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14
Q

Steroids strange side effect?

A

May alter mood and behaviour

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15
Q

Statin strange side effect?

A

Myalgia, myositis and myopathy

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16
Q

Carbimazole main adverse effects?

A

Agranulocytosis

(Crosses the placenta but may be used in low doses in pregnancy)

17
Q

Rifampicin lowers the INR as it is an inducer, which antibiotic may enhance the effect of warfarin?

A

Metronidazole

General factors that may potentiate Warfarin?

Liver disease
P450 enzyme inhibitors
Cranberry juicec
NSAIDs

18
Q

Drugs CI/ caution with asthma?

A

Beta-blockers- Best avoided

Adenosine- asthma/ COPD are contraindications

NSAIDs- mildly contraindicated

19
Q

Medications normally taken at night?

A

Statins

Amitriptyline

20
Q

General drug doses?

A

Paracetamol- 1g qds

Cyclizine- 50mg tds

Amoxicillin 500mg tds

Lansoprazole 15-30mg od

Aspirin- 75-30mg od

Levothyroxine 25-200 MCG od

21
Q

Medications making heart failure worse?

A

Thiazolidinediones- pioglitazone

Verapamil

NSAIDs

Flecainide

22
Q

Cardio drug monitoring?

A

Statins- LFTs- baseline, 3 months, 12 months

ACEi- U&E- prior to treatment, after increasing dose, at least annually

Amiodarone- TFT, LFT- TFT, LFT, U&E, CXR prior to treatment
TFT, LFT every 6 months

23
Q

Important side effect of bisphosphonates?

A

Oesophageal reactions- why the guidance is to sit up after taking- get patients to report new oesophageal symptoms

Osteonecrosis of the jaw

24
Q

Steroid side effects?

A

Learn

25
Q

Can atenolol worsen hypoglycaemic awareness?

A

Yes

26
Q

Is HRT contraindicated in heart disease?

A

Yes- ischaemic heart disease

27
Q

Gentamicin questions?

A

I think

If trough levels too high- incrase time between doses

If peak levels too high- reduce dose

28
Q

Always prescribe with opioid?

A

Anti-emetic (even if acute)

Laxative

29
Q

When checking amlodipine side effects?

A

Instead of things like ankle swelling- type oedema

Phase 4 Question Knowledge (31 decks)

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