Protozoa: Apicomplexa Flashcards
Phylum __________ is characterized by having no locomotion organelle, an apical complex that consists of a polar ring, micronemes, rhoptries, subpellicular tubules and conoid.
Phylum Apicomplexa is characterized by having no locomotion organelle, an apical complex that consists of a polar ring, micronemes, rhoptries, subpellicular tubules and conoid.
Family Emeriidae consists of ______, _________ and __________.
Family Emeriidae consists of Isospora, Cystoisospora and Eimeria.
Family Eimeriidae is commonly called ________.
Family Eimeriidae is commonly called coccidia.
Common characterisitcs of the family Eimeriidae
Species are host specific
No intermediate host or vectors involved in life cycle
Primaril an issue in young animals
____________ is found in fresh feces of Eimeriidae species.
Unsporulated oocyst is found in fresh feces of Eimeriidae species.
_____________ is often required to determine the species.
Sporulation is often required to determine the species.
Sporulated oocysts of Isospora and Cystoisospora have _______ sporocysts while those of Eimera have _________ sporocysts.
Sporulated oocysts of Isospora and Cystoisospora have two sporocysts while those of Eimera have four sporocysts.
Life cycle of family Eimeriidae consists of what three phases?
Sporulation, Infection and Schizogony

Sporulation of Eimeriidae
Unsporulated oocyts pass in feces
Sporulation takes place outside the host
Infection and Schizogony (asexual reproduction)
Definitive host becomes infected by ingesting sporulated oocyst
Each sporozoite penetrates an epithelial cell > trophozoite
Trophozoite divides > Schizont
Schizont consists of large number of elongated nucleated organisms > merozoites
Host cell and schizont rupture, merozoites escapte to invade neighboring cells
Gametogony and Oocyst formation (sexual reproduction) of Eimeriidae
Schizogony terminates when merozoites give rise to male and female gametocytes
Macrogametocytes increase in size to fill parasitized cell
Microgametocytes undergo repeated division to form a large number of flagellated uninucleate organisms- only time they have organs of locomotion
Microgametes are freed by rupture of host cell
Fusion of micro and macrogamete nuclei > zygote
Cyst wall forms > oocyst
Oocyst ruptures out of cell and passed as unsporulated oocyst in feces of host
PPP of Eimeriidae is ________.
PPP of Eimeriidae is 4-11 days.
__________ destroys large or small intestinal cells, leading to a disruption of villous architecture, inflammatory changes in mucosa and enteritis.
Eimeriidae destroys large or small intestinal cells, leading to a disruption of villous architecture, inflammatory changes in mucosa and enteritis.
Eimeriidae that infect the __________ tend to be more pathogenic.
Eimeriidae that infect the large intestine tend to be more pathogenic.
Diagnosis of family Eimeriidae
Fecal float
Sporulation may be required to differentiate
Prevention of Eimeriidae
Management
Immunity develops after infection
Common name for Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis is ____________.
Common name for Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis is Coccidia.
Host for Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis
Dogs
Paratenic hosts of Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis
Rodents
Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis is distributed ____________.
Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis is distributed worldwide.
__________ is an oval coccidia and largest species in dogs.
Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis is an oval coccidia and largest species in dogs.
Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis needs to be differentiated from _________ that can be found in dog feces from ingesting other species feces.
Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis needs to be differentiated from Eimeria spp that can be found in dog feces from ingesting other species feces.
Life cycle of Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis
Same as general life cycle
Can include a paratenic host
PH ingest sporulated oocyst
Sporozoites invade the extraintestinal tissue/organs and form cyst
PH and cyst ingested by FH and sporozoites are released
Host of Isospora suis
Swine




















